Wp/syl/ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠤ ꠀꠞ꠆ꠎꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ

language family
Subclass of	Indo-Iranian, South Asian languages
Stack Exchange tag	https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/tags/indo-aryan

w:WP:STUB ꠁ ꠙꠣꠔꠣ ꠁꠈꠣꠘ ꠀꠛꠧ ꠇꠥꠠꠤ ꠞꠂꠍꠦ ⁕ ꠈꠣꠟꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠃꠑꠣꠘꠤꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤ ꠀꠞꠝ꠆ꠛ ꠇꠞꠣ ꠅꠁꠍꠦ ⁕ ꠁꠟꠣꠘ ꠀꠞꠅ ꠘꠄꠀ ꠇꠥꠠꠤꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠙꠣꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠖꠦꠈꠂꠘ ⁕ ꠁ ꠛꠦꠙꠣꠞꠦ ꠀꠙꠘꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠇꠥꠘꠔꠣ ꠙꠥꠞꠣꠘꠤꠞ ꠕꠣꠇ꠆ꠟꠦ ꠟꠇ꠆ꠖꠤ ꠟꠦꠈꠤꠀ ꠙꠣꠔꠣ ꠁꠈꠣꠘ ꠀꠞꠧ ꠛꠟꠣꠁꠔꠣ ꠙꠣꠞꠂꠘ ⁕

ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠤ ꠀꠞ꠆ꠎꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠘꠣꠄ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠥ ꠀꠞꠤ ꠜꠣꠡꠣꠁꠘ

ꠜꠣꠡꠣꠁꠘ[edit | edit source]

ꠝꠣꠉꠣꠖꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ
- ꠛꠋꠉ ꠇꠣꠝꠞꠥꠙꠤ ꠜꠣꠡꠣꠁꠘ

ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠅ ꠀꠞ꠆ꠎꠅ ꠝꠣꠔꠇꠕꠣꠞ ꠔꠚꠣꠔ[edit | edit source]

ꠢꠇꠟ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠅ-ꠀꠞ꠆ꠎꠅ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠅꠞ ꠟꠞꠣꠢꠥꠘꠣꠞꠇꠟ ꠄꠇ꠆ꠟꠉꠦ ꠝꠤꠟꠣꠁꠀ ꠖꠦꠈꠣ

ꠜꠣꠅꠄꠟꠣꠁꠘ[edit | edit source]

	ꠝꠥꠀꠔꠤ	ꠝꠣꠔ
ld	/iː i eː e ɨː ɨ əː ə aː a ɔː ɔ oː o uː u/	ꠇꠣꠡ꠆ꠝꠤꠞꠤ
lb	/ɪ iː ʊ uː e eː ə~ɐ əː o oː æ~ɛ a aː ɔ/	ꠝꠘꠤꠙꠥꠞꠤ
l৩	/iː i eː e æː æ aː a ə oː o uː u/	ꠡꠤꠋꠅꠟ
l0	/i ɪ e ɛ · a ə · ɔo ʊ u/	ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠥꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠘꠤ ꠨ ꠙꠣꠘ꠆ꠎꠣꠛꠤ ꠨ ꠡꠤꠘ꠆ꠗꠤ ꠨ ꠇꠣꠌ꠆ꠌꠤ ꠨ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠇꠣ ꠨ ꠞꠣꠎꠤꠍ꠆ꠔꠣꠘꠤ
9	/i ɪ e æ~ɛ · a ə · o ʊ u/	ꠙꠌ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠙꠣꠀꠠꠤ (ꠒꠥꠉ꠆ꠞꠤ ꠨ ꠞꠥꠗꠣꠞꠤ ꠨ ꠝꠣꠘ꠆ꠖꠦꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠙꠣꠋꠅꠣꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠈꠣꠡꠣꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠌꠥꠞꠣꠁ) ꠨ ꠡꠣꠞꠣꠁꠇꠤ
	/i ɪ e · a ə · ɔo ʊ u/	ꠙꠌ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠙꠣꠀꠠꠤ (ꠡꠖꠌꠤ ꠨ ꠡꠥꠞꠈꠥꠟꠤ)
	/i ɪ e ɛ · a · ɔo ʊ u/	ꠙꠌ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠙꠣꠀꠠꠤ (ꠎꠘꠡꠣꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠢꠥꠟꠣꠡꠣꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠇꠥꠟ꠆ꠟꠥꠁ)
8	/i e ɛ · a ə · ɔo u/	ꠉꠥꠎ꠆ꠞꠣꠐꠤ
	/i e ɛ a · ɒ ɔ o u/	ꠀꠡꠣꠝꠤ
	/i ɪ e · a ə · o ʊ u/	ꠢꠣꠟ꠆ꠛꠤ ꠨ ꠜꠣꠐ꠆ꠐꠤ ꠨ ꠙꠌ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠙꠣꠀꠠꠤ (ꠉꠠꠀꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠌꠣꠝꠦꠟꠤ ꠨ ꠉꠣꠖ꠆ꠖꠤ)
V	/i e æ · a · ɔo u/	ꠛꠦꠋꠉꠟꠤ
d	/i e a · ɔo u/	ꠅꠠꠤꠀ ꠨ ꠛꠤꠡ꠆ꠘꠥꠙꠥꠞꠤ
d	/i e · a ə · o u/	ꠝꠣꠞꠣꠑꠤ ꠨ ꠘꠦꠙꠣꠟꠤ ꠟꠣꠝ꠆ꠛꠣꠖꠤ ꠨ ꠍꠣꠗ꠆ꠞꠤ
☽	/i e · a · o u/	ꠞꠥꠝꠣꠘꠤ (ꠁꠃꠞꠥꠙꠤ)
☽	/i e · a · ɔ u/	ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ

ꠘꠣꠇꠥꠀ[edit | edit source]

Nasals					Languages
/m/	/n/	/ɳ/	/ɲ/	/ŋ/	Languages
					Dogri, Kacchi, Kalasha, Rudhari, Shina, Saurashtri, Sindhi, Saraiki
		\|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| Sinhala
			\|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| Nepali,^[1] Kalami, Odia, Dhundhari, Pashayi, Marwari
				\|\| Dhivehi^[2]
			\|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| Gujarati, Hindi, Kashmiri, Marathi, Punjabi, Rajasthani (Marwari)
		\|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠨ ꠘꠦꠙꠣꠟꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠨ ꠀꠡꠣꠝꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠛꠦꠋꠉꠟꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ
		\|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| Urdu, Romani, Domari

ꠇꠘꠌꠘꠦꠘ꠆ꠐꠣꠁꠘ[edit | edit source]

Stops								Languages
/p/	/t̪/	/ʈ/ ~ /t/	/ʈ͡ʂ/	/t͡ʃ/ ~ /t͡ɕ/	/t͡s/	/k/	/q/	Languages
								Khowar, Shina, Bashkarik, Kalasha
							\|\| Gawarbati, Phalura, Shumashti, Kanyawali, Pashai
			\|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| Marathi, Konkani, certain W. Pahari dialects (Bhadrawahi, Bhalesi, Mandeali, Padari, Simla, Satlej, maybe Kulu), Kashmiri, E. and N. dialects of Bengali (parts of Dhaka, Mymensingh, Rajshahi)
			\|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| Hindustani, Punjabi, Dogri, Sindhi, Gujarati, Sinhala, Odia, Standard Bengali, dialects of Rajasthani (except Lamani, NW. Marwari, S. Mewari), Sanskrit,^[3] Prakrit, Pali, Maithili, Magahi, Bhojpuri
	\|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| Romani, Domari, Kholosi
			\|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| Nepali, dialects of Rajasthani (Lamani and NW. Marwari), Northern Lahnda's Kagani, Kumauni, many West Pahari dialects (not Chamba Mandeali, Jaunsari, or Sirmauri)
			\|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| Rajasthani's S. Mewari
	\|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| Assamese
\|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| Chittagonian
\|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="Yes" style="background: #DFD; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-yes2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| data-sort-value="No" style="background: #FFE3E3; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-no2" \| \|\| ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ

↑ Only some speakers have a /ɳ/
↑ Unclear status of /ɲ/
↑ In Sanskrit, probably /cɕ/ is a more correct representation. Sometimes, only for representation, /c/ is also used.

[1] Only some speakers have a /ɳ/

[2] Unclear status of /ɲ/

[3] In Sanskrit, probably /cɕ/ is a more correct representation. Sometimes, only for representation, /c/ is also used.

[1]

[2]

[3]