Wp/btm/Uhum

Patung Dewi Kaadilan (*Lady Justice*) sanga Justitia,^[1] personifikasi gogoni moral na mandasori sistem uhum, tarutaml i Dunia Barat^[2]^[3]

Uhum^[4] ima sistem na tarponting i pambaenan i rangkean kakuaslan kalembagaan.^[5] tingon bontuk panyalagunaan kakuasoan i bidang politik, ekonomi dot masyarakat i marbagai cara dot martindak, manjadi parantara utamo i sambungan sosial antar masyarakat tu kriminalisasi i uhum pidana, uhum pidana na iusaoon cara negara bisa manuntut pambaen i konstitusi uhum pasadio kerangka kareja tu pambaenan uhum, manjago hak asasi jolma dot pabolak kakuasoan politik dot cara parwakilan nialai nangkan ipilih. Administratif uhum ipake tu pareso mulak kaputusan tingon pamarentah, sadangkan uhum internasional mangatur parsoalan antara mardaulat negara i kagiatan muloi tingon marniaga lingkungan paraturan sanga tindakan militer. filsuf Aristotle mandokon molo "Sada supremasi uhum nangkan dao lobi deges pado ibandingkon dohot paraturan tirani na merajalela."^[6]^[7]

Sumberna

↑ Hamilton, Marci. God vs. the Gavel, page 296 (Cambridge University Press 2005): “The symbol of the judicial system, seen in courtrooms throughout the United States, is blindfolded Lady Justice.”
↑ Fabri, Marco. The challenge of change for judicial systems, page 137 (IOS Press 2000)
↑ Luban, Law's Blindfold, 23
↑ From Old English lagu "something laid down or fixed"; legal comes from Latin legalis, from lex "law", "statute" (Law, Online Etymology Dictionary; Legal, Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary)
↑ Robertson, Crimes against humanity, 90; see "analytical jurisprudence" for extensive debate on what law is; in The Concept of Law Hart argued law is a "system of rules" (Campbell, The Contribution of Legal Studies, 184); Austin said law was "the command of a sovereign, backed by the threat of a sanction" (Bix, John Austin); Dworkin describes law as an "interpretive concept" to achieve justice (Dworkin, Law's Empire, 410); and Raz argues law is an "authority" to mediate people's interests (Raz, The Authority of Law, 3–36).
↑ n.b. this translation reads, "it is more proper that law should govern than any one of the citizens: upon the same principle, if it is advantageous to place the supreme power in some particular persons, they should be appointed to be only guardians, and the servants of the laws." (Aristotle, Politics 3.16).
↑
Definisi "uhum" tingin Kamus Godang Saro Indonesia (1997):
1. paraturan sanga adat, na sacara sah ianggap mangkobet dot igogogoon ni panguaso, pamarentah sanga otoritas.
2. undang-undang, paraturan dan sebagainya untuk mengatur kehidupan masyarakat.
3. patokan (kaidah, ketentuan).
4. keputusan (pertimbangan) yang ditentukan oleh hakim dalam pengadilan, vonis.

[1] Hamilton, Marci. God vs. the Gavel, page 296 (Cambridge University Press 2005): “The symbol of the judicial system, seen in courtrooms throughout the United States, is blindfolded Lady Justice.”

[2] Fabri, Marco. The challenge of change for judicial systems, page 137 (IOS Press 2000)

[3] Luban, Law's Blindfold, 23

[4] From Old English lagu "something laid down or fixed"; legal comes from Latin legalis, from lex "law", "statute" (Law, Online Etymology Dictionary; Legal, Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary)

[5] Robertson, Crimes against humanity, 90; see "analytical jurisprudence" for extensive debate on what law is; in The Concept of Law Hart argued law is a "system of rules" (Campbell, The Contribution of Legal Studies, 184); Austin said law was "the command of a sovereign, backed by the threat of a sanction" (Bix, John Austin); Dworkin describes law as an "interpretive concept" to achieve justice (Dworkin, Law's Empire, 410); and Raz argues law is an "authority" to mediate people's interests (Raz, The Authority of Law, 3–36).

[6] .b. this translation reads, "it is more proper that law should govern than any one of the citizens: upon the same principle, if it is advantageous to place the supreme power in some particular persons, they should be appointed to be only guardians, and the servants of the laws." (Aristotle, Politics 3.16).

[7] Definisi "uhum" tingin Kamus Godang Saro Indonesia (1997):
paraturan sanga adat, na sacara sah ianggap mangkobet dot igogogoon ni panguaso, pamarentah sanga otoritas.

undang-undang, paraturan dan sebagainya untuk mengatur kehidupan masyarakat.

patokan (kaidah, ketentuan).

keputusan (pertimbangan) yang ditentukan oleh hakim dalam pengadilan, vonis.

[8] raturan sanga adat, na sacara sah ianggap mangkobet dot igogogoon ni panguaso, pamarentah sanga otoritas.

[9] undang-undang, paraturan dan sebagainya untuk mengatur kehidupan masyarakat.

[10] tokan (kaidah, ketentuan).

[11] utusan (pertimbangan) yang ditentukan oleh hakim dalam pengadilan, vonis.

[12] raturan sanga adat, na sacara sah ianggap mangkobet dot igogogoon ni panguaso, pamarentah sanga otoritas.

[13] undang-undang, paraturan dan sebagainya untuk mengatur kehidupan masyarakat.

[14] tokan (kaidah, ketentuan).

[15] utusan (pertimbangan) yang ditentukan oleh hakim dalam pengadilan, vonis.

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