Wp/vmw/Erettha ya Ettekuxa (Malaria)

Opacerya

Ettekuxa eretta emphwanyaneya waha woolumiya ni epwilimwithi, enahiya minku saya sinkhanle tiseiyo sinraviha ettekuxa[1].

Mathoonyero wa orava eretta yela tala: wuuviha erutthu; oluttuwa; orapheeya ni owereya muru. Okathi vantepaya owereeiya mutthu, erutthu awe ni meitho awe annikhalana malepa nsano; nnakhala onnitupha; hata otepexa wene onnikhwa. Mathoonyeryo yawo opacerya anooneya epwilimwithi yolummene, ni evira mahiku muloko walani ni mahiku muloko ni mathanu[2]. Woopaceryani, ennonaneeya owereya erutthu vakhani vakhani, vanviaya mahiku erutthu awe kinkhalana mattapha, enavukuwa wamala mweri walani eyakha, mutthu ola akhalaaka eriyari wa mapuro sinkhalaya ipwilimwithi.

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[1]  Caraballo, H. (2014). «Emergency department management of mosquito-borne illness: Malaria, dengue, and west nile virus». Emergency Medicine Practice;

[2] Malaria Fact sheet N°94. WHO. Maio de 2022.

Otaphulela

Eretta ela enravihaniwa ni mwaha wolumiya epwilimwithi yothiyana yorava ni ekhalana ansinko okhalana ettekuxa. Yooluma vale ennahiya ansinko ene yala mmwilini mwa mutthu ola ni anniphwanyaneya museneni. Ansinku ala anniphiya muhapani mwa mutthu ola olummwe, anarelanasa. sinniphwaneya missovo mithanu sinravihiyaya atthu. Atthu ansene ankhwasa mwaha wa erettha ya ettekhuxa. Missovossene tiiya: P. vivax; P. ovale ni P. malariae, missovo iya miraru khasintepexa wira ehaxara, nto ohavo mossovo wa P. knowlesi worika rika oraviya natthu.

Wira asuweliwe mutthu akhalannene eretthane yela, anwehiya mmakinani animwaleya ephome ya mutthu onwereya etthekuxa, enoniherya okhala mwamunku yola owereiiha ettekuxa, wahiiso, onniwehiya mmakinani masikhane ammatatani, anoniherya orettha yola vowakuveya.  

Oravihaniwa wa erettha ennikhusuliya variyayri wosakha ipwilimwithi ohirere olamaleliya. Mithinto so sakha erettha ela ankhala matthavi ankhuneleya olili, ou enootthiya muretthe onoomola ipwilimwithi, tiseiya sikhanle mithinto sosakha, hata wunseleliya murette mpani wahiso-tho wuuva masi mmarattani oweemela. Sinniphwanyaneya mikhaliheryo osakha ettekuxa, mwatthu ale anetthakasa mulumwenkuni mu, vancenexa ilapo seiye sowattha eretta yela. Ilapo seiya sowattha ettekuxa atthu annithumererya olya ikininu ntoko sulfadoxina/pirimetamina, mancenexa axinamwane, nathiyana orupala, miyeri miraru sopacerya. Nlelo komphwanyaneya mwapomphe ontthuna omaliha ettekuxa, onamwi atthu yikhanyanyaka, wira ephanyaneye nnakhala emosa.

Womaliheryani

Enopereriyaya wira arettha evahiweke miretthe ntoko artemisinina, ni watthanyeriya antimalárico. Miretthe seiya sinlolaniyaya ettekuxa sinnonaneya okhala mefloquina, lumefantrina walani sulfadoxina/pirimetamina[1].

Ettekuxa ennonaneya vancenexa ilapo seiye sihinthowaya epula ni oviha, ehiyaka masi mancene otthakattha, mwemmo munrelanaya ipwilimwithi.  Eretta yela ennimwaryamwaryeya somatthanyerya onviriaya ekanyero enkawaniha elapo imphantte pili, enireliya ekwatore, okhanle ilapo sohittho ya waafrika, wameerika Latina ni Waasiya. Settaka iyakha ikonto pili, ni iyakha muloko na thannamosa, yahonaneya ophwanyaneya ettekuxa atthu  olumwenku wothene oophiaka ikonto ni ikonto sene imiya pili, ni muloho nathannamosa, wiiyala, vophiyeryaka atthu ikonto imiya thannapili ni miloko miraru ni mmosa natthu okhwasa[2].

Wiiyala atthu ala, ancenexa akhwale wa elapo ya Waafrika[3]. Ettekuxa enattanyerya ni oxikhini, ni ennihokoloxerya winnuwa wa elapo[4]. Elapo ya Waafrika pahi, annonaneya opwetexiya ikonto ni ikonto sene muloko ni pili wa muxuruku Waamerika woosulo, wakuta mwakha, wireliiwaka ovareliwa miteko sa ekumi[5].

Referencias

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[1] Organization, World Health. (2010). Guidelines for the treatment of malaria 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization. p. ix. ISBN 978-92-4-154792-5

[2] GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators. (8 de outubro de 2016). «Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.». Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. PMID 27733281. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1.

[3] Malaria Fact sheet N°94. WHO. Consultado em 3 de Maio de 2022.

[4] Gollin, D. & Zimmermann, C. (2007). Malaria: Disease Impacts and Long-Run Income Differences (PDF). [S.l.]: Institute for the Study of Labor.

[5] Greenwood,  B.M.,  Bojang, K., Whitty, C. J. & Targett, G. A. (2005). «Malaria». Lancet. 365 (9469): 1487–98. PMID 15850634. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66420-3