Wp/tzm/Niccolo Fontana Tartaglia
Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia (taṭalyanit : [nikkoˈlɔ ffonˈtaːna tarˈtaʎʎa]; 1499/1500, Bricya – 13 dujanbir 1557, Vinisya), ikka-t-inn iga yan umusnak, ajenyur d umesɣal ittnadan imassen akkʷ ufnin n umzaɣ d uzḍam, d yan "bookkeeper" g uyenna ittwassanen ayed izrin s "tagdudant n Vinisya", yamunen dɣi g Ṭṭalyan. Ifser mennaw warraten, zun d tasuɣilt taṭalyanit tamezwarut n Archimedes d Euclid, d yat tegrumma n tufsirin ɣef tusnakt ɣur illa waddur axatar. Tartaglia ayd akkʷ izwuren s usnas n tusnakt g urezzu n yiberdan n "cannonballs" (tussna ittwassanen s "balistiques") g twuri-nnes Nova Scientia (Tussna Tamaynut). Tawuri-ad-nnes, isul ad tt-zrin turzawin n Galileo ɣef tḍuri n tfekka awint adɣar-nnes. Ifser awed yat "traité" iqqnen ɣer usaɣul n yiɣeṛṛuba nna inegḍen.
Taseknudert
[edit | edit source]Niccolò Fontana, memmi-s n Michele Fontana, yan umazan ittekkan tiɣermin n wattayen-nnsen. Ittwanɣa g 1506 ɣur kra n yimexxaren, taɣawsa nna rad yajjen Niccolò netta d tewja-nnes (aytma-s d yemma-s) ad ten-yut ẓẓelḍ. Qqad tezri diɣ ɣef Niccolò yat twaɣit-yaḍen aseggʷas n 1512, llig rad derrmen tirubba n ugellid Louis wis-12 ɣef Bricya s wawettas n usdurrey ammas n talgirrat n Agraw n Kambray (War of the League of Cambrai) nna ikkan mgal n Vinisya. Mmezɣen ayt tmilict (aserdas agdudan) n Bricya ɣef temdint-nnsen sa n wussan. Tigira, allig rẓan ɣif-sen ifṛansisen tiggura, gezren-asen mayd yugren 45,000 umdan g yimezdaɣ-nnsen.
Ammas n tmegzart-ann, iffer-nn Niccolò akked tewja-nnes aguns n yat tkatidraliyt n dinna. Maca, ḍren-asen icenga ɣef tunnetla-nnsen ikcem-nn ser-sen yan ufransis, igzem-as i Niccolò taɣesmart-nnes s yat tefrut, yajj-t-inn ad immet. Meqqar tuzzel ser-s yemma-s s yifermliyen ssesfrun-t, teqqama ɣur-s yat "impediment" n umeslay i lebda, ayedda as-ifkan isem n Tartaglia nna isnamken ("wad ittemtamen"). Ur sar issegmi ḍart uyad kra n wazzar ula ikkis tamart-nnes, bar ad ur fawen iberrayen d yizmulen-nnes.
Yura umara n teskendurt-nnes, Arnoldo Masotti mas d :
"llig tekka ɣur-s 14 useggʷas zun d yimek nna, idda [Tartaglia] ɣur yan uselmad nna igan s yisem Francesco ḥma ad ɣur-s ittelmad agemmay; maca llig yiweḍ s asekkil n "k", ur sul yufi ma s iferru ayedda s ittuḍfar. "Seg wass-nna", ad yura ḍart yat tizi g teskendurt-nnes tanimant ismectagen ul, "ur jjin sul watseɣ kra n unemmal, maca ddiɣ da ttelmadeɣ s yiɣef-inu, s uskutti ɣef twuriwin n yimettinen, s tmuni n yelli-s n uẓlaḍ nna igan tamguri" (Quesiti, bk. VI, question 8).
Immutti Tartaglia s Viruna attayen n 1517, fadd ilemma s Vinisya ḍart-as g 1534, yat temdint nna igan akud-ann yat seg wammasen n yisenzanen/itejjaṛen akkʷ ixatern azemz n tleslalit, swa g Ṭṭalyan neɣ Turupt s umata-nnes, Vinisya, tekka-tt-inn diɣ tga agrudem n tdelsa n usiggez aṛumi g tasut tis-mrawsḍist, ayedda yujjan iḍrisen nna izwaren ad ilin ger yifassen n ku amussnaw ayenna ira ig-t addad-nnes — Ismutter Tartaglia kigan g twuri nna isker Archimedes ɣef "quadrature n parabola" s umedya, seg tunɣilt talatint n Guarico g 1503, nna d yufa nettan "ger ifassen n yan bu ṣṣuṣis ammas n Viruna aseggʷas n 1531" (in mano di un salzizaro in Verona, l'anno 1531 s yiwaliwen-nnes).