Wp/syl/ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟ
| Subclass of | useful plant  |
|---|---|
| Short name | C. nucifera |
| Taxon name | Cocos nucifera |
| Taxon rank | species |
| Parent taxon | Cocos |
| Has fruit type | drupe |
| Seed dispersal | nautochory |
| Start time | 55 million years BCE |
| Hardiness of plant | 10 |
| Taxon range | Fujian, Tibet Autonomous Region, Guangdong |
| NZTCS conservation status | vagrant |
| Taxon author citation | L. |
| GRIN URL | https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=11043 |
| Flora of the Hawaiian Islands URL | https://naturalhistory2.si.edu/botany/hawaiianflora/speciesdescr.cfm?genus=Cocos&species=nucifera |
ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟ /naikɔl/ ꠨ ꠀꠞꠘꠣꠄ ꠘꠣꠁꠞꠟ /naiɾɔl/ ꠩ ꠛꠁꠉ꠆ꠉꠣꠘꠤꠇ ꠘꠣꠝ (Cocos nucifera) ꠪ ꠅꠁꠟꠧ ꠉꠤꠀ ꠚꠣꠝ ꠉꠣꠍ ꠉꠥꠞꠧꠞ (ꠀꠞꠦꠇꠦꠍꠤ) ꠡꠖꠂꠡ꠆ꠡ ꠀꠞ "ꠇꠧꠇꠧꠍ" ꠛꠣꠐꠧꠞ ꠄꠈꠝꠣꠔ꠆ꠞ ꠎꠤꠔ꠆ꠔꠣ ꠃꠖ꠆ꠜꠤꠖ ⁕ "ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟ" ꠡꠛ꠆ꠖ ꠖꠤꠀ ꠀꠍꠔꠣ ꠘꠣꠁꠞꠟ ꠨ ꠛꠤꠍꠤ ꠀꠘ꠆ꠘꠣꠄ ꠚꠟꠞꠦ ꠛꠥꠏꠣꠄ ꠨ ꠎꠦꠔꠣ ꠃꠖ꠆ꠜꠤꠖꠉꠔꠜꠣꠛꠦ ꠛꠣꠖꠣꠝ ꠘꠣ ꠅꠁꠟꠦꠅ ꠟꠦꠃꠀ-ꠀꠟꠣ ꠚꠟ ⁕
ꠘꠣꠁꠞꠟꠞ ꠡꠣꠋꠁꠍꠇ꠆ꠞꠤꠔꠤꠇ ꠀꠞ ꠗꠞ꠆ꠝꠤꠅ ꠉꠥꠞꠥꠔ꠆ꠔ ꠞꠁꠍꠦ ꠡꠝꠣꠎꠧ ꠨[1][2] ꠛꠤꠡꠦꠡꠈꠞꠤ ꠄꠘ꠆ꠒꠤꠀꠔ ꠨ ꠎꠦꠘꠧ ꠁꠉꠥ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠥ ꠞꠤꠔꠤꠔ ꠛꠦꠛꠀꠞ ꠅꠄ ⁕ ꠁꠉꠥ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠥꠗꠞ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠛꠤꠀꠡꠣꠖꠤꠔ ꠀꠞ ꠚꠥꠎꠣꠞ ꠅꠘꠥꠡꠐꠣꠘꠧꠞ ꠜꠤꠔ꠆ꠔꠤ ꠉꠠꠤꠀ ꠔꠥꠟꠦ ⁕ ꠜꠤꠄꠔꠘꠣꠝꠞ ꠄꠈ ꠗꠞ꠆ꠝꠞ ꠘꠣꠝꠃ ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟ ꠗꠞ꠆ꠝ ꠀꠞ ꠘꠣꠘꠣꠘ ꠚꠥꠞꠣꠘꠅ ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟꠞ ꠝꠣꠔ ꠚꠣꠅꠀ ꠎꠣꠄ ⁕ ꠏꠥꠘꠣ ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟ ꠔꠘꠦ ꠝꠣꠘꠡꠞ ꠝꠃꠔꠅ ꠘꠥ ꠅꠁꠎꠤꠔꠧ ꠚꠣꠞꠦ ⁕[2][3]
ꠀꠎꠣꠞ ꠛꠞꠍ ꠗꠞꠤ ꠝꠣꠘꠡꠦ ꠘꠣꠁꠞꠟ ꠛꠦꠛꠀꠞ ꠈꠞꠤꠀ ꠀꠞ ⁕ ꠁ ꠉꠣꠍꠞ ꠝꠥꠟ ꠃꠔꠚꠔ꠆ꠔꠤ ꠇꠥꠀꠁ ꠔꠣꠇꠤ ꠁꠇꠣꠘ ꠟꠁꠀ ꠛꠤꠔꠞꠇꠤꠔ ꠔꠁꠔ꠆ꠔ ꠔꠘꠦ ꠝꠘꠈꠞꠣ ꠅꠄ ꠎꠦ ꠅꠄꠔ ꠁꠇꠐꠣ ꠄꠡꠤꠀ ꠨ ꠖꠇꠘꠧꠞ ꠀꠝꠦꠞꠤꠇꠣ ꠀꠘ꠆ꠘꠣꠄ ꠚꠡꠣꠘ꠆ꠔ ꠝꠢꠣꠡꠣꠉꠞꠞ ꠝꠦꠅꠀꠍꠞꠧ ꠚꠁꠟ ꠎꠘ꠆ꠝꠤꠍꠤꠟ ⁕ ꠉꠣꠍꠣꠁꠘ ৩0 ꠝꠤꠐꠣꠞ (98 ꠚꠥꠐ) ꠚꠞ꠆ꠎꠘ꠆ꠔ ꠛꠣꠁꠠ ꠖꠦꠄ ꠀꠞ ꠚꠞ꠆ꠔꠦꠈ ꠛꠞꠍ V☽ꠉꠥ ꠚꠞ꠆ꠎꠘ꠆ꠔ ꠚꠟ ꠖꠤꠟꠣꠁꠔꠧ ꠚꠣꠞꠦ ꠨ ꠔꠄ ꠡꠣꠗꠣꠞꠘꠔ ৩0 ꠉꠥꠞ ꠝꠔꠘ ꠚꠟ ꠖꠦꠄ ⁕ ꠁꠔꠣ ꠉꠣꠍꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠐꠣꠘ꠆ꠒꠣ ꠀꠛꠢꠣꠅꠀꠔ ꠔꠣꠇꠤꠀ ꠟꠄ ꠘꠣꠄ ⁕ ꠈꠣꠘ꠆ꠖꠣꠁꠝꠣ ꠝꠦꠊꠛꠣꠖꠟꠤ ꠀꠞ ꠈꠣꠠꠣꠁ ꠞꠁꠖ ꠘꠥ ꠁꠔꠣ ꠉꠣꠍꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠜꠣꠟꠣ ꠟꠣꠉꠦ ⁕ ꠐꠦꠈꠣ ꠈꠣꠝꠣꠘꠤꠞ ꠖꠣꠘ꠆ꠖꠣꠄ ꠁꠔꠣ ꠚꠟꠣꠘꠤꠔ ꠛꠃꠔ ꠎꠣꠔꠤ ꠚꠥꠇ ꠚꠞꠤꠘ꠆ꠖꠣ ꠃꠚꠖ꠆ꠞꠥꠛ ꠅꠁꠀ ꠃꠐꠦ ⁕ ꠖꠥꠘꠤꠀꠞ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠣꠄ V☽% ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠖꠘꠦꠡꠤꠀ ꠨ ꠚꠤꠟꠤꠙꠣꠁꠘ ꠀꠞ ꠄꠘ꠆ꠒꠤꠀ ꠔꠘꠦ ꠀꠄ ⁕
ꠛꠄꠀꠘ[edit | edit source]
ꠘꠣꠁꠈꠟꠞ ꠚꠣꠔꠣ[edit | edit source]
ꠇꠧꠇꠧꠍ ꠘꠤꠃꠍꠤꠚꠦꠞꠣ ꠄꠉꠥ ꠉꠣꠘ꠆ꠒꠣꠝꠣꠞꠣ ꠔꠣꠟ ꠨ ꠏꠦꠔꠣ ৩0 ꠚꠞ꠆ꠏꠘ꠆ꠔ (l00 ꠚꠥꠐ) ꠛꠣꠁꠠ ꠖꠦꠄ ꠨ ꠏꠦꠉꠥꠞ ꠒꠣꠉꠟꠣ b–d ꠝꠤꠐꠣꠞ (l৩–Γ0 ꠚꠥꠐ) ꠟꠣꠝ꠆ꠙꠣ ꠨ ꠀꠞ ꠚꠣꠔꠣ-ꠡꠁꠔꠦ-ꠢꠟꠣ d0–90 ꠍꠦ.ꠝꠤ. (Γ–৩ ꠚꠥꠐ) ꠅꠄ; ꠚꠥꠞꠣꠘ ꠒꠣꠉꠟꠣ ꠡꠥꠘ꠆ꠖꠞ ꠝꠔ ꠉꠣꠍ ꠔꠘꠦ ꠀꠉꠟꠤ ꠏꠣꠄ ⁕[4] ꠚꠣꠡꠥꠀ ꠝꠣꠐꠤꠔ ꠨ ꠄꠈꠍꠣ ꠟꠣꠝ꠆ꠙꠣ ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟ ꠉꠣꠍꠦ ꠚꠞ꠆ꠔꠦꠈ ꠛꠞꠍ V☽ ꠉꠥ ꠚꠞ꠆ꠎꠘ꠆ꠔ ꠚꠟ ꠖꠤꠟꠣꠁꠔꠧ ꠚꠣꠞꠦ ꠨ ꠏꠥꠖꠤꠘꠧ ꠛꠦꠡꠤ ꠜꠣꠉ ꠡꠝꠄ ৩0 ꠉꠥꠞ ꠔꠘꠦ ꠔꠥꠠꠣ ꠚꠟ ꠖꠦꠄ ⁕[5][6][7] ꠏꠥꠁꠔꠦꠏꠣꠟꠣꠄ ꠖꠦꠍꠜꠣꠟ ꠀꠞ ꠛꠣꠠꠔꠤ ꠅꠛꠍꠔꠣꠔ ꠨ ꠘꠣꠁꠞꠟ ꠉꠣꠍꠧ ꠍꠄ ꠔꠘꠦ ꠖꠡ ꠛꠌ꠆ꠌꠞꠞ ꠜꠤꠔꠞꠦ ꠚꠟ ꠀꠁꠔ꠆ꠔ ꠚꠣꠞꠦ ꠨ ꠔꠣꠡꠤꠀ ꠚꠟ ꠗꠞꠔꠦ l☽ ꠔꠘꠦ Γ0 ꠛꠌ꠆ꠌꠞꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤ ꠏꠣꠄ ⁕[8]
ꠀꠉꠞꠣꠝꠟ ꠗꠞꠤ ꠅꠍꠐ꠆ꠞꠘꠦꠡꠤꠀꠞ ꠝꠣꠘꠡꠦ ꠛꠣꠐꠐꠤꠏꠣꠔꠞ ꠘꠣꠁꠞꠟ ꠚꠟꠣꠁꠀ ꠅꠁꠞꠧ ⁕ ꠁꠔꠣ ꠏꠣꠔꠞꠦ ꠛꠣꠍꠣ ꠅꠁꠍꠤꠟ ꠟꠣꠄꠟꠣꠄ ꠛꠣꠁꠠ ꠖꠦꠅꠀ ꠨ ꠝꠤꠐꠣ ꠒꠣꠛꠞ ꠚꠣꠘꠤ ꠨ ꠀꠞ ꠍꠈꠝꠇꠤ ꠞꠋꠉꠞ ꠖꠣꠄ ⁕[9] ꠀꠗꠥꠘꠤꠇ ꠇꠤꠍꠤꠝꠞ ꠛꠃꠔ ꠘꠣꠁꠞꠟ ꠏꠣꠔꠞ ꠝꠣꠏꠦ ꠀꠍꠦ ꠝꠦꠁꠙꠣꠘ ꠨ ꠇꠤꠋ ꠨ ꠀꠞ ꠝꠦꠇꠣꠙꠥꠘꠧ ꠏꠣꠔ ⁕ ꠁꠔꠣ ꠘꠣꠁꠞꠟꠣꠁꠘ ꠚꠣꠘꠤꠞ ꠡꠣꠖ ꠀꠞ ꠚꠟꠞ ꠞꠋꠉꠞ ꠟꠉꠦ ꠟꠉꠦ ꠅꠁꠘ꠆ꠘ ꠎꠦꠘꠦꠐꠤꠇ ꠛꠤꠡꠄ ꠀꠘꠝꠣꠘ ꠜꠤꠘ꠆ꠘ ꠅꠄ ⁕[10]
ꠁꠔꠤꠀꠡ[edit | edit source]
ꠞꠣꠝꠣꠄꠅꠘ ꠀꠞ ꠍ꠆ꠞꠤꠟꠋꠇꠣꠞ ꠁꠔꠤꠀꠡ ꠔꠘꠦ ꠝꠤꠟꠣ ꠡꠣꠢꠤꠔ꠆ꠔꠞ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠝꠣꠘꠦ ꠅꠈꠣꠘ ꠁꠋꠉꠤꠔ ꠈꠞꠦ ꠎꠦ ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟ ꠈ꠆ꠞꠤꠡ꠆ꠐꠞꠣꠉꠧꠞ ꠚꠁꠟ ꠡꠔꠣꠛ꠆ꠖꠤꠞ ꠀꠉꠦ ꠜꠣꠞꠔꠤꠅ ꠃꠙꠝꠢꠣꠖꠦꠡꠧ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ ⁕ ꠚꠁꠟ ꠝꠥꠇꠣꠞ ꠍꠇꠥꠔꠚꠠꠣ ꠛꠄꠀꠘꠈꠣꠘ꠆ꠔꠣꠔ ꠇꠙꠣꠍ ꠁꠘ꠆ꠒꠤꠇꠧꠙꠟꠍꠦꠐ꠆ꠍꠦ ꠔꠣꠘꠞ ꠐꠙꠉ꠆ꠞꠣꠚꠤꠀ ꠇ꠆ꠞꠤꠍ꠆ꠐꠤꠀꠘꠣꠔ ꠟꠦꠇꠤꠀ ꠉꠦꠍꠂꠘ ꠙ꠆ꠞꠣꠄ ☽☽☽ ꠡꠣꠟꠧꠞ ꠛꠣꠄ ꠨ ꠏꠦꠘꠧ ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟꠞꠦ "ꠄꠘ꠆ꠒꠤꠀꠞ ꠁꠀ ꠛꠣꠘꠣ ꠛꠣꠖꠣꠝ" ꠢꠤꠡꠣꠛꠦ ꠈꠀ ꠅꠄ ⁕[11] ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟꠞ ꠀꠞꠦꠉꠥ ꠚꠄꠟꠣ ꠡꠝꠄꠈꠣꠞ ꠃꠟ꠆ꠟꠦꠇ ꠀꠞꠣꠛꠤꠀꠘ ꠞꠎꠘꠤꠞ ꠘꠣꠝꠈꠞꠣ ꠡꠤꠘꠛꠣꠖꠞ ꠝꠣꠏꠦ ꠝꠤꠟꠦ ꠨ ꠏꠦꠘꠧ ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠔꠣꠘꠞ ꠚꠘ꠆ꠍ ꠍꠚꠞꠞ ꠛꠣꠟꠣ ꠄꠉꠥ ꠘꠣꠁꠞꠟ ꠈꠞꠤꠖ ꠈꠞꠤꠀ ꠛꠦꠌ꠆ꠌꠤꠟꠣ ⁕
ꠟꠇ[edit source]
- ↑ Nayar ꠨ N Madhavan (2017) ⁕ The Coconut: Phylogeny ꠨ Origins ꠨ and Spread ⁕ Academic Press ⁕ ꠚꠤꠡꠐꠣ 10–21 ⁕ Wp/syl/ISBN 978-0-12-809778-6
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lew ꠨ Christopher. "Tracing the origin of the coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)" (PDF). Prized Writing 2018–2019. University of California ꠨ Davis: 143–157. Archived from the original (PDF)
- ↑ Michaels ꠨ Axel. (2006) [2004] ⁕ Hinduism : past and present ⁕ Orient Longman ⁕ Wp/syl/ISBN 81-250-2776-9⁕ ꠅꠍꠤꠄꠟꠍꠤ 398164072
- ↑ Pradeepkumar ꠨ T.; Sumajyothibhaskar ꠨ B.; Satheesan ꠨ K.N. (2008). Management of Horticultural Crops. Horticulture Science Series. Vol. 11 ꠨ 2nd of 2 Parts. New India Publishing. pp. 539–587. ISBN 978-81-89422-49-3
- ↑ Grimwood BE ꠨ Ashman F (1975). Coconut Palm Products: Their Processing in Developing Countries. ꠚꠣꠔꠣ 18. United Nations ꠨ Food and Agriculture Organization. ISBN 978-92-5-100853-9.
- ↑ Sarian ꠨ Zac B. (August 18 ꠨ 2010). "New coconut yields high". The Manila Bulletin. ꠝꠥꠟ ꠔꠘꠦ ꠀꠞ꠆ꠇꠣꠁꠜ ꠈꠞꠣ ꠅꠁꠍꠦ November 19 ꠨ 2011. Retrieved April 21 ꠨ 2011.
- ↑ Ravi ꠨ Rajesh (March 16 ꠨ 2009). "Rise in coconut yield ꠨ farming area put India on top". The Financial Express. Archived from the original on May 15 ꠨ 2013. Retrieved April 21 ꠨ 2011.
- ↑ "How Long Does It Take for a Coconut Tree to Get Coconuts?". Home Guides – SF Gate. Archived from the original on November 13 ꠨ 2014.
- ↑ Lebrun ꠨ P.; Grivet ꠨ L.; Baudouin ꠨ L. (2013). "Use of RFLP markers to study the diversity of the coconut palm". In Oropeza ꠨ C.; Verdeil ꠨ J.K.; Ashburner ꠨ G.R.; Cardeña ꠨ R.; Santamaria ꠨ J.M. (eds.). Current Advances in Coconut Biotechnology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 83–85. ISBN 978-94-015-9283-3.
- ↑ "Coconut Varieties". floridagardener.com ꠔꠘꠦ ꠀꠞ꠆ꠇꠣꠁꠜ ꠈꠞꠣ ⁕ ꠍꠣꠚꠣ ꠅꠁꠍꠦ October 20 ꠨ 2015 ⁕ ꠢꠣꠝꠣꠘꠤ ꠅꠁꠍꠦ 19 ꠝꠦ 2016 ⁕
- ↑ The Book of Edible Nuts ⁕ ꠚꠣꠔꠣ 66
ꠕꠥꠇꠣꠘꠤ[edit source]
| ꠀ | ꠁ | ꠃ | ꠄ | ꠅ | ꠇ | ꠈ | ꠉ | ꠊ | ꠌ | ꠍ | ꠎ | ꠏ | ꠐ | ꠑ | ꠒ |
| ꠔ | ꠕ | ꠖ | ꠗ | ꠘ | ꠙ | ꠚ | ꠛ | ꠜ | ꠝ | ꠞ | ꠟ | ꠡ | ꠢ | ꠠ | ꠓ |
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