Wp/syl/ꠁꠃꠉꠍ꠆ꠟꠣꠜ ꠎꠋꠉꠘꠣꠝꠣ

ꠃꠇ꠆ꠞꠦꠘꠤ ꠝꠣꠔꠕꠘꠦ ꠅꠘꠥꠛꠣꠖ ꠇꠞꠣꠞ ꠅꠘꠥꠞꠥꠗ ⁕

Wp/syl/ꠁꠃꠉꠍ꠆ꠟꠣꠜ ꠎꠋꠉꠘꠣꠝꠣ

series of wars, ethnic conflict

Part of	breakup of Yugoslavia
Location	Yugoslavia
Start time	31 March 1991
End time	12 November 2001

ꠁ ꠁꠃꠉꠍ꠆ꠟꠣꠜ ꠎꠋꠉꠘꠣꠝꠣꠔ ꠢꠥꠞꠥ ꠢꠥꠞꠥ ꠟꠣꠉꠣꠔꠣꠞ ꠝꠣꠁꠞ ꠚꠡꠣꠖ ꠀꠞ ꠎꠋꠉ ꠕꠥꠟꠤ ꠗꠞꠣ ꠅꠁꠟꠅ ethnic conflicts ꠨ wars of independence ꠨ and insurgencies that took place in the SFR Yugoslavia from 1991 to 2001 ⁕Template:Wp/syl/Refn The conflicts both led up to and resulted from the breakup of Yugoslavia ꠨ which began in mid-1991 ꠨ into six independent countries : Slovenia ꠨ ꠇꠥꠞꠦꠡꠤꠀ ꠨ Bosnia and Herzegovina ꠨ Montenegro ꠨ Serbia ꠨ and Macedonia (now called North Macedonia) ⁕ SFR Yugoslavia's constituent republics declared independence due to unresolved tensions between ethnic minorities in the new countries ꠨ which fuelled the wars ⁕ While most of the conflicts ended through peace accords that involved full international recognition of new states ꠨ they resulted in a massive number of deaths as well as severe economic damage to the region ⁕

According to the International Center for Transitional Justice ꠨ the Yugoslav Wars resulted in the deaths of 140 ꠨000 people ꠨ while the Humanitarian Law Center estimates at least 130 ꠨000 casualties ⁕ Over their decade-long duration ꠨ the conflicts resulted in major refugee and humanitarian crises ⁕

Tribunal after war

The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was a body of the United Nations established to prosecute serious crimes committed during the Yugoslav Wars, and to try their perpetrators. The tribunal was an ad hoc court located in The Hague, Netherlands. One of the most prominent trials involved ex-Serbian President Slobodan Milošević, who was in 2002 indicted on 66 counts of crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide allegedly committed in wars in Kosovo, Bosnia and Croatia.Template:Wp/syl/Sfnp His trial remained incomplete since he died in 2006, before a verdict was reached. Nonetheless, ICTY's trial "helped to delegitimize Milosevic's leadership", as one scholar put it.Template:Wp/syl/Sfnp

Several convictions were handed over by the ICTY and its successor, the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (IRMCT). The first notable verdict confirming genocide in Srebrenica was the case against Serb General Radislav Krstić: he was sentenced in 2001, while the Appeals Chamber confirmed the verdict in 2004. Another verdict was against ex-Bosnian Serb leader, Radovan Karadžić, who was also convicted for genocide. On 22 November 2017, general Ratko Mladić was sentenced to a life in prison.