Wp/nd/Robert Mugabe

URobert Gabriel Mugabe wayengumongameli weZimbabwe kusukela mhlaka 21 Nhlolanja 1924 – 6 Mpandula 2019

Njengomunye umkhokheli wamaqembu abahlamukeli bombuso wabalutshwana, wavotelwa ukuba ngumkhokheli kahulumende ngo 1980 wasebenza esikhundleni kwaze kwayafika u1987 lapho owaba ngumkhokheli welizwe khona. Wakhokhela iZimbabwe African National Union - Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) kusukela ngo1975. NjengakuNcwabakazi 2016 uMugabe ngumkhokweli welizwe omdala kulabo bonke abasesikhundleni sake emhlabeni. Amatshumi amathathu lesithupha ombuso wakhe adlule ebonakala ngokungahloniphi amalungelo oluntu okuyikho okumenza abonakale engomunye wabancindezeli.

UMugabe waphakamela emphakathini ngabo1960 njengomkhokeli weZimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) kumbangazwe lohulumende wabamhlophe abalutshwane weRhodesia. UMugabe wabotshwa mayelana ngomphathazwe okweminyaka elitshumi kusukela ngo1964 kwaze kwayafika u1974. Wathi ekhululwa loEdgar Tekere watshiya iRhodesia encediswa nguRekayi Tangwena ngo1975 ukuyaqalisa ukulwa iRhodesian Bush War esukela enkambeni eziseMozambique. Ekupheleni kwempi ngo1979 uMugabe wabonakala eliqhawe enqgondweni zamaAfrica amanengi. UMugabe wanqoba kumavoti jikelele ka1980 esekhuthaze ukuzwanana kwamaZimbabwe wonke kugoqela abamhlophe labansundu. Waba yinhloko kahulumende ekutholeni uzibuse ngoMabasa ngo1980 mhla kulitshumi lasitshiyangalo mbili.

Kungakadluli isikhathi eside uMugabe waqalisa ukuntshintshela iZimbabwe ukuba lilizwe leqembu linye elikhokhelwa yiZANU-PF wasesungula abavikeli abafundele eKhoriya-Enyakatho iFifth Brigade ngoNcwabakazi 1981 ukuze babone ngabahlamukeli. UMugabe wahlasela ababesebenza laye abe ZAPU lapho iFifth Brigade eyabhidliza abahlamukeli ngabalwi ababelandela uJoshuwa Nkomo umkhokheli wamaNdebele esiqintini seMatabeleland. Kusukela ngo1982 kuzekuyefika u1985 inani eledlula inkulungwane ezingamatshumi amabili (20,000) lafa kumbhuqazwe langcwatshwa emangcwabeni abanengi ngethuna. UMugabe wathola amandla onke ngo1987, lapho owathatha isikhundla sikamkhokheli welizwe, umkhokheli kahulumende lomkhokheli ngobuduna wabalweli belizwe elamandla okugenqula uhulumende abize umbuso ngesibutho.

Ngo2008 uMugabe wanqotshwa ekuvoteni ngenani elincinyane kodwa wasenqoba kuvoti elandelayo uMorgan Tsvangirai esethe waphuma kwabavotelwayo. Kusukela lapho UMugabe wangena kuhulumende wokwabelana LoTsvangirai oweMDC-T loArthur Mutambara oweMDC-M. Ngo2013, iElection Commission yathi uMugabe unqobe ngamatshumi ayisithupha lanye kukhulu (61%) kuvoti eyasolwa mayelana ngobuqili. Mhlaka 30 Zibandlela 2015 uMugabe wavotelwa ukuba ngumgcinisihlalo weAfrican Union.