Wp/mos/Mak yong
Subclass of | Indonesian dance, Malaysian dance |
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Country of origin | Malaysia |
Intangible cultural heritage status | Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, National Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Malaysia |
Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00167, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00167, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00167 |
Mak yong (Jawi: مق يوڠ; Thai: มะโย่ง, RTGS: ma yong) yaa reem sẽn yaa reem sẽn yaa reem sẽn yaa reem sẽn yaa reem sẽn yit Maleisi rɩtgo, sẽn yɩɩd fãa Kelantan tẽnga. A Pan-Malaysian Islami Party wã gɩdg-a lame, a sẽn da yaa nin-vɩɩga la a sẽn da yaa Hindo-Buda wã yĩnga, sẽn deng Islami wã sẽn da be Azi soolmẽ wã.[1] A Cik Ning sẽn ki wã ra yaa mak yong yɩɩl-gʋlsd yʋʋm 1980 wã. Yʋʋmd 2005, Unesco wilgame tɩ mak yong teyatrã yaa "Wẽnnaam sẽn naan bũmb fãa". [2]
Mak yong yaa Yaa malɛg-rãmb nins sẽn yaa sɩd-sɩdã la b sẽn yaa malɛg-rãmb nins sẽn yaa malɛg-rãmb n yɩɩda, bala yaa b sẽn pa kẽed ne zĩn-dãmb nins sẽn be yɩngã. Baa ne b sẽn da mi tɩ malɛg-dãmbã reem wʋsg yita Ɛnd soolmẽ wã, n paas Java soolmẽ wã, mak yongã yɩɩlã la a yɩɩlã pa wõnd a taabã ye. Kibay nins sẽn be mak yongã pʋgẽ wã, wʋsg yita Kelantan-Patani kɩbayã pʋgẽ. Kẽer sẽn da yit Male-Thai soolmẽ wã zoe n kiime. Wala makre, Anak Raja Gondang, sẽn yaa kibar sẽn yit Buddist Jataka wã pʋgẽ, la b sẽn nan pa mi masã wã.
B sɩngda b sẽn na n maan bũmb n waoog sɩɩsã (semah kumpung) ne kũunã. Rẽ poore, b na n maana reem la b mak-n-taase. B ra wilgda yel-bũndã lɛɛr a tãab pʋgẽ, yʋng toor-toore. B boonda a soab t'a Pak Yong, la a yera wa rĩma. Neb nins sẽn tʋmd filmã pʋgẽ wã nong n tara rĩm-poak sẽn yaa ned a yiib-n-soaba, naam-kẽem-pugli, la neb sẽn maand soayã. Naoor wʋsgo, yaa pagbã n da maand b sẽn tõe fãa, sã n pa tɩ b sẽn maand-b to-to wã yaa rap bala.
Rũndã-rũndã, mak-yongã yɩɩl-mitb sẽn tar minimã sõor pa ta piig ye. Baa ne b sẽn mak n na n leb n vʋʋg we-bɛdã, neb nins sẽn be we-bɛdã pʋgẽ wã yãame tɩ welgr n be we-bɛd nins sẽn be we-bɛd nins sẽn be tẽn-kɩremsã pʋgẽ wã ne we-bɛd nins sẽn be tẽn-kɩremsã pʋsẽ wã sʋka. Yaa kom-bɩɩs wʋsg n pa rat n maan zãmsg sẽn yaa toog woto ye. Rẽ n so tɩ masã, b minimã boogdame.
Kʋdemdã
Mak yong ra sɩng n yaa nebã reem-dãmb buud b sẽn da maand tɩ zemsd ne yel-manesem sẽn tɩ loe ne yolsg la maagre. B tẽedame tɩ yaa Pattani soolmẽ wã, sẽn yaa rũndã-rũndã Tayland soolmẽ wã la b lugl-a. B sẽn da gomd a mak-yongã yell ne tẽn-bilã nebã, b pa mi a yʋʋmã sẽn sɩd yaa to-to ye. La sẽn mik t'a pa tar bũmb sẽn kɩt t'a lebg woto wã kɩtame t'a tar yʋʋm 800 la sã n pa rẽ, yaa vẽeneg t'a tara yʋʋm wʋsg n yɩɩd rẽ. Neb wʋsg tẽedame tɩ yaa reemã sɩɩg sẽn boond t'a Mak Hiang n naan-a, la b leb n tẽedame tɩ yaa a Semar sẽn yaa wẽn-naand sẽn wõnd zãmbã n naan-a. Neb kẽer yeelame t'a Mak Yong ra bee na-zakẽ wã, sẽn yɩɩd fãa Patani wã, la b pa yã kaset sẽn wilgd rẽ ye. Neb nins fãa sẽn da vɩ tẽn-kãng pʋgẽ wã ra nong n waoogda zĩn-dãmbã, n pʋʋsd bark tigsgã yĩnga, bɩ n sãoogd bãas toɛy-toɛyã.
B talla a Mak Yong n wa Kelantan sẽn yɩɩd yʋʋm 200 sẽn looge. Rẽ poore, a yii be n kẽng Kedaah me, la a ra yaa zãma wã reem. Sẽn sɩng ne yʋʋmd 1920 wã, b kõo mak yong Kelantan la b mak n na n maneg-a. Yʋʋmd 1923 wã, rĩmã bi-ribl a bi-bɩɩgã a Long Abdul Ghaffar ra nonga mak yong la a me tẽn-kʋdemd sẽn boond tɩ Kampung Temenggung a na-zakã pʋga. A sẽn ki yʋʋmd 1935 wã poore, dũni gill zabr a yiib-n-soabã sɩnga. Mak yongã lebgame tɩ nebã nong n maandẽ. Yʋʋmd 1970 wã, b makame n na n maan mak-yong sẽn yaa sõma n paase, n na n kell n tall a Long Abdul Ghaffar modgrã. Sẽn na n yɩlẽ n maan woto, b lugla sull sẽn boond tɩ Seri Temenggong sẽn be Khatijah Awang nugẽ. B ra maanda b sẽn maandã tẽn-bɛd pʋsẽ, la mak yong ra paamda zĩig karen-dotẽ me.
Mak yongã ket n maanda hal tɩ ta yʋʋm 1960 la 1970 wã, la a wa n paama gɩdgr a Islãamã sẽn wa n lebgd to-to wã yĩnga. B sẽn wa n deeg Kɛlantã na-kẽndr yʋʋmd 1991 wã, b gɩdga mak yongã soolmẽ wã, a sẽn da tar "sẽn pa zems ne Islã" wã yĩnga, la futã sẽn basd pagbã zut la b nusã sẽn pa ludã yĩnga. Baa ne b sẽn da gɩdgd neb wʋsg tɩ b pa le maand mak-yongã, b ra pa le tõe n wilg-a nebã sʋk ye. Kẽer da tagsdame tɩ b na n wa kiime, hal tɩ ta wakat ning UNESCO sẽn yeel tɩ b segd n kogla bõn-kãens tɩ b pa tõe n yã ye. Sẽn sɩng ne rẽ tɛka, b maana modgr n na n maan mak yong Kelantan tẽnsa a taabã pʋsẽ, la kom-bɩɩsã pa nong rẽ ye.
Rũndã-rũndã, mak yong pa wae n maandẽ, bala b nong n lʋɩɩsda Malays buud-goam nins sẽn be rũndã-rũndã wã reem wa jogetã taoore. Wakat ninga, b ket n maand-a lame, sẽn na yɩl n wilg tɩ bũmb n maan tẽngã pʋgẽ, la b maand-a lame me tɩ sãambã tõe n yã. Baasg zãnga, b yiisa pĩnd wẽn-kɩɩsdbã yel-maandɩ nins b sẽn maand rũndã-rũndã wã, la b kɩt tɩ b yɩɩlã yɩ nana, b sẽn pa wae n yɩɩndã yĩnga. Yaa sull a wãn bal n ket sẽn maand mak yong sẽn yaa minim sẽn be Kelantan la Terengganu tẽn-kɩremsã pʋsẽ.
Pĩnd-n-soaba
Wala b sẽn da maand pĩnd wẽndẽ Malaayi nebã reem wʋsg to-to wã, b ra tũnugda ne mak yongã n maagd nebã bãase. B sẽn boond tɩ mak yong mak puteri wã, yaa mak yong mak puteri, la a tɩ loee ne weoogo, la sɩɩs sẽn tar-a n tũnugd ne rog-n-migsã sẽn yaa tɩpgã sẽn boond tɩ main puteri wã. B ket n maanda yel-maandg kãensã tẽn-bõonegẽ wã la tẽn-bõoneg a taab pʋsẽ, la rũndã-rũndã, neb wʋsg pa nand-b ye.
Ritualsã sẽn maandã yaa sõma n yɩɩd reemã b sẽn maandã, bala b naagda shamanismã, sɩɩsã rɩɩb la reemã reemã. A wilgda mak yong kibayã la a reemã sẽn tar yõod wʋsg to-to wã, la a sɩngrẽ wã a sẽn da rat n maan to-to n kɩt tɩ ned paam n kẽng zĩn-dãmbã nengẽ wã. B maanda yel-maandɩ sẽn na yɩl n paam tɩɩm tẽebã wɛɛngẽ, n na n waoog karen-saamb la b na n maan yɩɩl-gʋlsd karen-saamb karengã.
Indonesia
A mak yong sẽn be Riau la Sumatrã rɩtgã, sẽn yi Thailãnd soolmẽ wã n kẽng Singapore. Riau tẽnsa pʋga, mak yong maanda Batam la Bintan, ne sul sẽn yit Pulau Panjang, Kecamatan Kijang la Pulau Mantang Arang.[3]
Thailand
Mak yong ra leb n piuugame Patani, sẽn da yaa Patani tẽnga wakat ning Pattani soolma sẽn da be wã, la b ket n maanda a zĩis wʋsg wala Yala.[4][5]
Ges-y me
Sebtiise
- ↑ https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2007/03/01/kelantan-refuses-to-lift-mak-yong-ban/
- ↑ https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/mak-yong-theatre-00167
- ↑ https://brill.com/view/journals/waca/12/1/article-p1_2.xml
- ↑ https://www.silpa-mag.com/history/article_29267
- ↑ https://doi.org/10.37134/juraisembah.vol1.2.1.2020