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وصول کنندگان

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سال وصول کنندگان[A] ملک[B] وجہ[C]
1901ء [[||ولہیلم رونٹیگن]] جرمنی "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable [[||ایکس شعاع|rays]] subsequently named after him"[1]
1902ء [[||ہنڈرک لورنٹز]] نیدرلینڈز "in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of [[||magnetism]] upon [[||radiation]] phenomena"[2]
[[||پیڑ زیمین]] نیدرلینڈز
1903ء [[||ہنری بیکرویل]] فرانس "for his discovery of spontaneous [[||radioactivity]]"[3]
[[||پیری کیوری]] فرانس "for their joint researches on the [[||radiation]] phenomena discovered by Professor [[||ہنری بیکرویل]]"[3]
[[||میری کیوری]] پولینڈ
فرانس
1904ء [[||جان ولیم سٹرٹ, تھرڈبارون رےلیہ|رےلیہ]] برطانیہ "for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of [[||argon]] in connection with these studies"[4]
1905ء [[||فلپ لینارڈ]] آسٹریا-Hungary
جرمنی
"for his work on [[||cathode ray]]s"[5]
1906ء [[||جے جے تھامسن]] برطانیہ "for his theoretical and experimental investigations on the [[||conduction of electricity]] by gases"[6]
1907ء [[||البرٹ اے مچلسن]] امریکا "for his optical precision instruments and the [[||spectroscopic]] and [[||metrological]] investigations carried out with their aid"[7]
1908ء [[||گبریل لیپمین]] فرانس "for [[||Lippmann plate|his method of reproducing colours photographically]] based on the phenomenon of [[||Interference (wave propagation)|interference]]"[8]
1909ء [[||مارکونی]] اطالیہ "for their contributions to the [[||Invention of radio|development of wireless telegraphy]]"[9]
[[||کارل فرڈینڈ براون]] جرمنی
1910ء [[||جوہنس ڈیڈریک ونڈر وال]] نیدرلینڈز "for his work on the [[||equation of state]] for gases and liquids"[10]
1911ء [[||ویلیم وین]] جرمنی "for his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat"[11]
1912ء [[||گوستاف ڈلین]] سویڈن "for his invention of [[||Sun valve|automatic valves]] designed to be used in combination with gas accumulators in [[||lighthouses]] and buoys"[12]
1913ء [[||ہائک کملنگ اونس]] نیدرلینڈز "for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of [[||liquid helium]]"[13]
1914ء [[||میکس وون لیو]] جرمنی "For his discovery of the [[||X-ray crystallography|diffraction of X-rays]] by crystals",[14] an important step in the development of [[||X-ray spectroscopy]].
1915ء [[||ولیم ہنری براگ]] برطانیہ "For their services in the analysis of [[||crystal structure]] by means of X-rays",[15] an important step in the development of [[||X-ray crystallography]]
[[||ولیم لاورنس براگ]] آسٹریلیا

برطانیہ

1916ء نہیں دیا گیا [[||پہلی جنگ عظیم]]
1917ء [[||چارلس گلور بارکالا]] برطانیہ "For his discovery of the [[||X-ray fluorescence|characteristic Röntgen radiation]] of the elements",[16] another important step in the development of [[||X-ray spectroscopy]]
1918ء [[||میکس پلانک]] جرمنی "for the services he rendered to the advancement of physics by his discovery of energy [[||quantum mechanics|quanta]]"[17]
1919ء [[||جوہنس سٹارک]] جرمنی "for his discovery of the [[||Doppler effect]] in [[||canal rays]] and the splitting of [[||spectral line]]s in [[||electric field]]s"[18]
1920ء [[||چارلس اڈوارڈ گلیاوم]] Switzerland "for the service he has rendered to precision measurements in physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel-steel alloys"[19]
1921ء [[||البرٹ آئنسٹائن]] جرمنی
Switzerland
"for his services to [[||theoretical physics]], and especially for his discovery of the law of the [[||photoelectric effect]]"[20]
1922ء [[||نیلز بوہر]] ڈنمارک "for his services in the investigation of the structure of [[||atom]]s and of the radiation emanating from them"[21]
1923ء [[||رابرٹ انڈریو ملکین]] امریکا "for his work on the [[||elementary charge]] of electricity and on the [[||photoelectric effect]]"[22]
1924ء [[||مینن سیگ بہن]] سویڈن "for his discoveries and research in the field of [[||X-ray spectroscopy]]"[23]
1925ء [[||جیمز فرانک]] جرمنی "for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an [[||electron]] upon an atom"[24]
[[||گستاف لوڈوگ ہرٹز]] جرمنی
1926ء [[||جین باپٹسٹ پیرین]] فرانس "for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of [[||sedimentation equilibrium]]"[25]
1927ء [[||آرتھر کومپٹون]] امریکا "for his discovery of the [[||Compton effect|effect named after him]]"[26]
[[||چارلس تھومسن ریس ولسن]] برطانیہ "for his [[||Cloud chamber|method]] of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour"[26]
1928ء [[||اون ولنس رچرڈسن]] برطانیہ "for his work on the [[||Thermionic emission|thermionic phenomenon]] and especially for the discovery of [[||Thermionic emission#Richardson's Law|the law named after him]]"[27]
1929ء [[||لیوس دی بروگلی]] فرانس "for his discovery of the wave nature of [[||electron]]s"[28]
1930ء [[||سی وی رامن]] بھارت "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the [[||Raman scattering|effect named after him]]"[29]
1931ء نہیں دیا گیا
1932ء [[||ورنر ہیزنبرگ]] جرمنی "for the creation of [[||quantum mechanics]], the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the [[||allotropic]] forms of hydrogen"[30]
1933ء [[||ارون شروڈنگر]] آسٹریا "for the discovery of new productive forms of [[||atomic theory]]"[31]
[[||پال ڈیراک]] برطانیہ
1934ء نہیں دیا گیا
1935ء [[||جیمز چیڈوک]] برطانیہ "for the discovery of the [[||neutron]]"[32]
1936ء [[||وکٹر فرانسس ہیس]] آسٹریا "for his discovery of [[||cosmic ray|cosmic radiation]]"[33]
[[||کارل ڈیوڈ انڈریسن]] امریکا "for his discovery of the [[||positron]]"[33]
1937ء [[||کلنٹن ڈیویسن]] امریکا "for their experimental discovery of the [[||electron diffraction|diffraction of electrons]] by crystals"[34]
[[||جارج پاگٹ تھامسن]] برطانیہ
1938ء [[||انریکو فرمی]] اطالیہ "for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by [[||neutron irradiation]], and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons"[35]
1939ء [[||ارنسٹ لاورنس]] امریکا "for the invention and development of the [[||cyclotron]] and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements"[36]
1940ء نہیں دیا گیا [[||دوسری جنگ عظیم]]
1941ء نہیں دیا گیا جنگ عظیم II
1942ء نہیں دیا گیا جنگ عظیم II
1943ء [[||اوٹو سٹرن]] امریکا "for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the [[||magnetic moment]] of the [[||proton]]"[37]
1944ء [[||ازیڈور ائیزک ربی]] امریکا "for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of [[||atomic nuclei]]"[38]
1945ء [[||ولف گینگ پاولی]] آسٹریا "for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the [[||Pauli principle]]"[39]
1946ء [[||رچرڈ فائنمین]] امریکا "for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made there within the field of [[||high pressure physics]]"[40]
1947ء [[||اڈوارڈ وکٹر اپلیٹن]] برطانیہ "for his investigations of the physics of the [[||upper atmosphere]] especially for the discovery of the so-called [[||Appleton layer]]"[41]
1948ء [[||پیٹرک بلیکٹ , بارون بلیکٹ]] برطانیہ "for his development of the Wilson [[||cloud chamber]] method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of [[||nuclear physics]] and [[||cosmic radiation]]"[42]
1949ء [[||ہاڈیکی یوکوا]] جاپان "for his prediction of the existence of [[||meson]]s on the basis of theoretical work on [[||nuclear forces]]"[43]
1950ء [[||سی ایف پاول]] برطانیہ "for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method"[44]
1951ء [[||جوہن کوکروفٹ]] برطانیہ "for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles"[45]
[[||ارنسٹ والٹن]] [[||جمہوریہ آئرستان]]
1952ء [[||فلکس بلوک]] Switzerland
امریکا
"for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith"[46]
[[||ایڈوارڑملس پرسل]] امریکا
1953ء [[||فرٹز زرنیک]] نیدرلینڈز "for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the [[||phase contrast microscope]]"[47]
1954ء [[||میکس بورن]] جرمنی
برطانیہ
"for his fundamental research in [[||quantum mechanics]], especially for his statistical interpretation of the [[||wavefunction]]"[48]
[[||والٹتھر بوتھ]] [[||مغربی جرمنی]] "for the [[||Coincidence circuit|coincidence method]] and his discoveries made therewith"[48]
1955ء [[||ولس لیمب]] امریکا "for his discoveries concerning the [[||fine structure]] of the hydrogen spectrum"[49]
[[||پولی کارپ کوشچ]] امریکا "for his precision determination of the [[||magnetic moment]] of the [[||electron]]"[49]
1956ء [[||جوہن باردین]] امریکا "for their researches on [[||semiconductor]]s and their discovery of the [[||transistor]] effect"[50]
[[||والٹر ہوایسن براطین]] امریکا
[[||ولیم شوکلی]] امریکا
1957ء [[||سونگ داو لی]] چین
امریکا
"for their penetrating investigation of the so-called [[||parity violation|parity laws]] which has led to important discoveries regarding the [[||elementary particles]]"[51]
[[||چن نینگ یانگ]] چین
امریکا
1958ء [[||پاول چینکوف]] سویت اتحاد "for the discovery and the interpretation of the [[||Cherenkov-Vavilov effect|Cherenkov effect]]"[52]
[[||الوا فرانک]] سویت اتحاد
[[||اگور ٹام]] سویت اتحاد
1959ء [[||اون چیمبر لین]] امریکا "for their discovery of the [[||antiproton]]"[53]
[[||ایملیو جی سگری]] اطالیہ
امریکا
1960ء File:Donald Glaser 1.jpg [[||ڈونالڈ اے گلیسر]] امریکا "for the invention of the [[||bubble chamber]]"[54]
1961ء [[||رابرٹ ہوفسٹڈلر]] امریکا "for his pioneering studies of [[||electron scattering]] in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the [[||nucleons]]"[55]
[[||روڈولف موسباور]] مغربی جرمنی "for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of [[||gamma radiation]] and his discovery in this connection of the [[||Mössbauer effect|effect]] which bears his name"[55]
1962ء [[||لیو لینڈاؤ]] سویت اتحاد "for his pioneering theories for [[||condensed matter]], especially [[||liquid helium]]"[56]
1963ء [[||یوجین پاول وگنر]] Hungary
امریکا
"for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental [[||symmetry principles]]"[57]
[[||ماریہ جیوپرٹ مئیر]] امریکا "for their discoveries concerning [[||Nuclear shell model|nuclear shell structure]]"[57]
[[||جے ہنس ڈی ہنسن]] مغربی جرمنی
1964ء [[||نکولے باسو|نکولے گناڈیےوچ باسو]] سویت اتحاد "for fundamental work in the field of [[||quantum electronics]], which has led to the construction of [[||oscillator]]s and [[||amplifier]]s based on the [[||maser]]–[[||laser]] principle"[58]
[[||الیکزینڈر پروکورو]] سویت اتحاد
File:Charles Townes Nobel.jpg [[||چارلس ہارڈ ٹاونس]] امریکا
1965ء [[||رچرڈ فلپ فے مین]] امریکا "for their fundamental work in [[||quantum electrodynamics]] (QED), with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles"[59]
[[||جولیان سکونگر]] امریکا
[[||سن اٹیرو ٹومو ناگا]] جاپان
1966ء [[||الفرڈ کاسٹلر]] فرانس "for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms"[60]
1967ء [[||ہنس بیتھ]] امریکا "for his contributions to the theory of [[||nuclear reaction]]s, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in [[||ستارہ]]s"[61]
1968ء [[||لیوس والٹلر الوریزز]] امریکا "for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of [[||Resonance (particle physics)|resonance]] states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen [[||bubble chamber]] and data analysis"[62]
1969ء [[||ماری گیل مین]] امریکا "for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions"[63]
1970ء [[||ہینس الفوین]] سویڈن "for fundamental work and discoveries in [[||magneto-hydrodynamics]] with fruitful applications in different parts of [[||plasma physics]]"[64]
[[||لیوس نیل]] فرانس "for fundamental work and discoveries concerning [[||antiferromagnetism]] and [[||ferrimagnetism]] which have led to important applications in [[||solid state physics]]"[64]
1971ء [[||ڈینس گبور]] Hungary – برطانیہ "for his invention and development of the [[||holography|holographic method]]"[65]
1972ء [[||جوہن باردین]] امریکا "for their jointly developed theory of [[||superconductivity]], usually called the [[||BCS-theory]]"[66]
[[||لیون کوپر]] امریکا
[[||جوہن رابرٹ سکریفر]] امریکا
1973ء [[||لیو اسکائی]] جاپان "for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in [[||semiconductor]]s and [[||superconductor]]s, respectively"[67]
[[||ایور گیور]] امریکا
ناروے
Template:CSS image crop [[||برائن ڈیوڈ جوزف سن]] برطانیہ "for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a [[||supercurrent]] through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the [[||Josephson effect]]"[67]
1974ء [[||مارٹن ریل]] برطانیہ "for their pioneering research in [[||Radio astronomy|radio astrophysics]]: Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the [[||aperture synthesis]] technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of [[||pulsar]]s"[68]
[[||انٹونی ہیوش]] برطانیہ
1975ء [[||ایگ بوہر]] ڈنمارک "for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in [[||atomic nuclei]] and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection"[69]
[[||بن روئے مٹل سن]] ڈنمارک
File:Leo James Rainwater.jpg [[||لیو جیمز رین واٹر]] امریکا
1976ء [[||برٹن رچر]] امریکا "for their pioneering work in the discovery of [[||J/ψ meson|a heavy elementary particle]] of a new kind"[70]
[[||سیمیول چاؤ چنگ تنگ]] امریکا
1977ء [[||فلپ وارن انڈرسن]] امریکا "for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems"[71]
File:Sir Nevill Francis Mott.jpg [[||نیول فرانسس موٹ]] برطانیہ
[[||جوہن ہیزبروک وان ویک]] امریکا
1978ء [[||پیوٹر لیونڈیوچ کیپٹسہ]] سویت اتحاد "for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of [[||low-temperature physics]]"[72]
[[||ارنو الن پنزاس]] امریکا "for their discovery of [[||cosmic microwave background radiation]]"[72]
[[||رابرٹ وڈرو ولسن]] امریکا
1979ء [[||شیلڈن لی گلاشو]] امریکا "for their contributions to the theory of the [[||electroweak force|unified weak and electromagnetic interaction]] between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the [[||weak neutral current]]"[73]
[[||ڈاکٹر عبدالسلام]] Pakistan
[[||سٹیون وینبرگ]] امریکا
1980ء [[||جیمز واٹسن کرونن]] امریکا "for the discovery of violations of fundamental [[||symmetry principles]] in the decay of [[||neutral K-meson]]s"[74]
[[||وال لودسن وچ]] امریکا
1981ء [[||نکولس بلومبرن]] امریکا "for their contribution to the development of [[||laser spectroscopy]]"[75]
[[||آرتھر لیونارڈ شکالو]] امریکا
[[||کائی سیگ بہن|کائی مین بورجی سیگبہن]] سویڈن "for his contribution to the development of high-resolution [[||electron spectroscopy]]"[75]
1982ء [[||کینتھ ج ولسن]] امریکا "for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with [[||phase transition]]s"[76]
1983ء [[||سبرامنین چندرشیکھر]] امریکا
بھارت
"for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and [[||Stellar evolution|evolution of the stars]]"[77]
[[||ولیم الفرڈ فاولر]] امریکا "for his theoretical and experimental studies of the [[||nuclear reaction]]s of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe"[77]
1984ء [[||کارلو روبیا]] اطالیہ "for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field [[||W and Z bosons|particles W and Z]], communicators of [[||weak interaction]]"[78]
[[||سم ونڈر میر]] نیدرلینڈز
1985ء [[||کلاوس ون کلٹزنگ]] West جرمنی "for the discovery of the [[||Quantum Hall effect|quantized Hall effect]]"[79]
1986ء [[||ارنسٹ رسکا]] مغربی جرمنی "for his fundamental work in [[||electron optics]], and for the design of the first [[||electron microscope]]"[80]
[[||گرڈ بنگ]] مغربی جرمنی "for their design of the [[||scanning tunneling microscope]]"[80]
[[||ہنرچ رورر]] سوئٹزرلینڈ
1987ء [[||جونس جیورج بیڈنورز]] مغربی جرمنی "for their important break-through in the discovery of [[||superconductivity]] in [[||ceramic]] materials"[81]
[[||کارل ایلکزینڈر میولر]] سوئٹزرلینڈ
1988ء [[||لیون ایم لیڈر مین|لیون میکس لیڈر مین]] امریکا "for the [[||نیوٹرینو]] beam method and the demonstration of the [[||Doublet state|doublet]] structure of the [[||lepton]]s through the discovery of the [[||muon neutrino]]"[82]
[[||ملون سکوارٹز]] امریکا
[[||جیک سٹین برگر]] امریکا
1989ء [[||نورمن فوسٹر رامسے جے آر]] امریکا "for the invention of the [[||separated oscillatory fields]] method and its use in the [[||hydrogen maser]] and other atomic clocks"[83]
[[||ہنس جیورج ڈیہلمٹ]] امریکا "for the development of the [[||ion trap]] technique"[83]
[[||ولف گینگ پاول]] مغربی جرمنی
1990ء [[||جیروم آئیزک فرائڈ مین]] امریکا "for their pioneering investigations concerning [[||deep inelastic scattering]] of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the [[||quark model]] in particle physics"[84]
[[||ہنری وے کینڈل]] امریکا
[[||رچرڈ ای ٹیلر]] کینیڈا
1991ء [[||پیری گلز ڈی جینز]] فرانس "for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to [[||liquid crystal]]s and [[||polymer]]s"[85]
1992ء [[||جیرج چارپک]] فرانس/Poland "for his invention and development of [[||particle detector]]s, in particular the [[||multiwire proportional chamber]]"[86]
1993ء [[||رسل الن ہلز]] امریکا "for the discovery of a [[||PSR B1913+16|new type]] of [[||pulsar]], a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of [[||Gravitational wave|gravitation]]"[87]
[[||جوزف ہوٹن ٹیلر جے آر]] امریکا
1994ء [[||برٹرام بروک ہاؤس]] کینیڈا "for the development of [[||neutron spectroscopy]]" and "for pioneering contributions to the development of [[||neutron scattering]] techniques for studies of [[||condensed matter]]"[88]
[[||کلفورڈ شل|کلفورڈ گلنوڈ شل]] امریکا "for the development of the [[||neutron diffraction]] technique" and "for pioneering contributions to the development of [[||neutron scattering]] techniques for studies of [[||condensed matter]]"[88]
1995ء [[||مارٹن لیوس پیرل]] امریکا "for the discovery of the [[||tau lepton]]" and "for pioneering experimental contributions to [[||lepton]] physics"[89]
[[||فریڈرک رینز]] امریکا "for the detection of the [[||نیوٹرینو]]" and "for pioneering experimental contributions to [[||lepton]] physics"[89]
1996ء [[||ڈیوڈ لی|ڈیوڈ مورس لی]] امریکا "for their discovery of [[||superfluid]]ity in [[||helium-3]]"[90]
[[||ڈوگلاس اوشروف|ڈوگلاس ڈی اوشروف]] امریکا
[[||رابڑت کول مین رچرڈسن]] امریکا
1997ء [[||صتیون چھو]] امریکا "for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light."[91]
[[||کلاؤڈ کوہن-ٹناڈجی]] فرانس
[[||ولیم ڈینیل فلپس]] امریکا
1998ء [[||رابرٹ بی لاولینگ]] امریکا "for their discovery of a new form of [[||quantum fluid]] with fractionally charged excitations"[92]
[[||ہورسٹ لوڈلگ سٹورمر]] جرمنی
[[||ڈینیل چی تسی]] امریکا
1999ء [[||گیرارڈ ٹی ہوفٹ]] نیدرلینڈز "for elucidating the quantum structure of [[||electroweak interaction]]s in physics"[93]
[[||ماٹینس جے جی ولٹمین]] نیدرلینڈز
2000ء [[||زورس ایونوچ الفرو]] Russia "for developing [[||semiconductor]] [[||heterostructure]]s used in high-speed- and [[||optoelectronics]]"[94]
[[||ہربرٹ کروئمر]] جرمنی
[[||جیک سینٹ کلئر کلبی]] امریکا "for his part in the invention of the [[||integrated circuit]]"[94]
2001ء [[||ارک الن کورنل]] امریکا "for the achievement of [[||Bose–Einstein condensate|Bose–Einstein condensation]] in dilute gases of [[||alkali]] atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates"[95]
[[||کارل ایڈون ویمین]] امریکا
[[||ولف گینگ کٹرلی]] جرمنی
2002ء [[||رئیمنڈ ڈیوس جے آر]] امریکا "for pioneering contributions to [[||astrophysics]], in particular for the detection of [[||Cosmic neutrino background|cosmic neutrinos]]"[96]
[[||مساٹوشی کوشیبا]] جاپان
[[||رککارڈو گیاککونی]] اطالیہ
امریکا
"for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of [[||cosmic X-ray source]]s"[96]
2003ء [[||الیکزی الیکزیوچ ابریکوسو]] روس "for pioneering contributions to the theory of [[||superconductivity|superconductors]] and [[||superfluid]]s"[97]
[[||وائٹلی گنزبرگ|وائیٹلی لزاروچ گنزبرگ]] روس
[[||انتھونی جیمز لگٹ]] برطانیہ
امریکا
2004ء [[||ڈیوڈ جے گروس]] امریکا "for the discovery of [[||asymptotic freedom]] in the theory of the [[||strong interaction]]"[98]
[[||ہگ ڈیوڈ پیولٹزر]] امریکا
[[||فرانک ولزیک]] امریکا
2005ء [[||روئے جے گلوبر]] امریکا "for his contribution to the quantum theory of [[||Coherence (physics)|optical coherence]]"[99]
[[||جان ایل ہال]] امریکا "for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision [[||spectroscopy]], including the [[||optical frequency comb]] technique"[99]
[[||تھیوڈر ڈبلیو ہائنچ]] جرمنی
2006ء [[||جان سی مادر]] امریکا "for their discovery of the [[||blackbody]] form and [[||anisotropy]] of the [[||cosmic microwave background radiation]]"[100]
[[||جارج ایف سموٹ]] امریکا
2007ء [[||البرٹ فرٹ]] فرانس "for the discovery of [[||giant magnetoresistance]]"[101]
[[||پیٹر گرون برگ]] جرمنی
2008ء [[||مکوٹو کوبایاشی]] جاپان "for the discovery of the origin of the [[||broken symmetry]] which predicts the existence of at least three families of [[||quarks]] in nature"[102]
[[||توشی ہائڈ مسکوا]] جاپان
[[||یوچیرو نامبو]] جاپان
امریکا
"for the discovery of [[||Spontaneous symmetry breaking|the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry]] in subatomic physics"[102]
2009ء [[||چارلس کے کاؤ]] Hong Kong
برطانیہ
امریکا
"for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in [[||optical fiber|fibers]] for [[||optical communication]]"[103]
[[||ولارڈ ایس بوائل]] کینیڈا
امریکا
"for the invention of an imaging [[||semiconductor]] circuit – the [[||Charge-coupled device|CCD sensor]]"[103]
[[||جارج ای سمتھ]] امریکا
2010ء [[||انڈر گیم]] برطانیہ
نیدرلینڈز
"for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material [[||graphene]]"[104]
[[||کونسٹاٹن نوسکلو]] روس
برطانیہ
2011ء [[||ساول پرلموتر]] امریکا "for the discovery of the [[||accelerating expansion of the Universe]] through observations of distant [[||supernovae]]"[105]
[[||برائن پی سیہمڈ]] Australia
امریکا
[[||ایڈم ریس]] امریکا
2012ء [[||سرگ ہروچ]] فرانس "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual [[||quantum]] [[||Physical system|systems]]."[106]
[[||ڈیوڈ جے ونلینڈ]] امریکا
2013ء [[||فرانکیوس انگلرٹ]] Belgium "for the theoretical discovery of a [[||Higgs mechanism|mechanism]] that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental [[||Higgs boson|particle]], by the [[||ATLAS]] and [[||Compact Muon Solenoid|CMS]] experiments at [[||سرن]]'s [[||Large Hadron Collider]]"[107]
[[||پیٹر ہگس]] برطانیہ
2014ء [[||اسامو اکاساکی]] جاپان "for the invention of efficient blue [[||light-emitting diodes]] which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources"[108]
[[||ہیروشی امانو]] جاپان
[[||شوجی نکامورا]] جاپان
امریکا
2015ء [[||تکاکی کاجیتا]] جاپان "for the discovery of [[||Neutrino oscillation|neutrino oscillations]], which shows that neutrinos have mass"[109]
[[||آرتھر بی مکڈونلڈ]] کینیڈا

حوالہ جات

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