Wp/iba/Lumur

Subset entara lumur asal (ℕ), integer (ℤ), lumur rasional (ℚ), lumur bendar (ℝ), sereta lumur kompleks (ℂ)

Lumur nya objek matematik ke dikena ngira, nyukat enggau ngelabel. Chunto ti pemadu asas iya nya lumur asal 1, 2, 3, 4, enggau ti bukai.^[1] Lumur tau diayanka dalam jaku ngena leka jaku lumur. Lebih universal agi, lumur individu ulih diayanka ngena simbol, dikumbai angka; ngambika chunto, "5" nya angka ke ngayanka lumur lima. Laban semina penyampau simbol ti mimit aja ulih diapal, angka asas suah agi diatur dalam sistem angka, iya nya chara ti diatur dikena ngayanka sebarang lumur. Sistem angka ti pemadu suah dikena iya nya sistem angka Hindu–Arab, ti ngemendarka ngayanka sebarang integer ukai negatif ngena gabungan sepuluh lambang angka fundamental, ti dikumbai digit.^[2]^{[lower-alpha 1]} Kelimpah ari guna iya ngira enggau nyukat, angka suah dikena ungkup label (baka lumur talipaun), dikena ngaga pesan (baka lumur siri), enggau ungkup kod (baka ISBN). Dalam guna ti suah dikena, angka enda terang dibida ari lumur ti diayanka iya.

Dalam matematik, nosis lumur udah dikerembaika beratus taun nyentukka nyengkaum kusung (0),^[3] lumur negatif,^[4] lumur rasional baka setengah $\left({\tfrac {1}{2}}\right)$ , lumur bendar baka puncha kuasa dua $\left({\sqrt {2}}\right)$ enggau $π$ ,^[5] sereta lumur kompleks^[6] ti ngerembaika lumur nyata enggau puncha kuasa dua −1 (enggau kombinasyen iya enggau lumur nyata enggau chara nambah tauka ngurangka ganda iya).^[4] Pengitung ngena lumur digaga ngena operasyen aritmetik, ti pemadu dikelala iya nya penambah, pemuai, pengelipat, pemagi, enggau eksponensial. Pansik tauka guna sida dikumbai aritmetik, siti leka jaku ti tau mega nunjukka teori lumur, pansik pasal sifat-sifat lumur.

Malin

↑ "number, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press. Diarkib ari asal ba 2018-10-04. Diambi 2017-05-16.
↑ "numeral, adj. and n." OED Online. Oxford University Press. Diarkib ari asal ba 2022-07-30. Diambi 2017-05-16.
↑ Matson, John. "The Origin of Zero". Scientific American. Diarkib ari asal ba 2017-08-26. Diambi 2017-05-16.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Hodgkin, Luke (2005-06-02). A History of Mathematics: From Mesopotamia to Modernity. OUP Oxford. pp. 85–88. ISBN 978-0-19-152383-0. Diarkib ari asal ba 2019-02-04. Diambi 2017-05-16.
↑ Mathematics across cultures : the history of non-western mathematics. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. 2000. pp. 410–411. ISBN 1-4020-0260-2.
↑ Descartes, René (1954) [1637]. La Géométrie: The Geometry of René Descartes with a facsimile of the first edition. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-60068-8. Diambi 20 April 2011.

Nota

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[1] "number, n." OED Online. Oxford University Press. Diarkib ari asal ba 2018-10-04. Diambi 2017-05-16.

[2] "numeral, adj. and n." OED Online. Oxford University Press. Diarkib ari asal ba 2022-07-30. Diambi 2017-05-16.

[4] Matson, John. "The Origin of Zero". Scientific American. Diarkib ari asal ba 2017-08-26. Diambi 2017-05-16.

[:0-5] 4.0 ^4.1 Hodgkin, Luke (2005-06-02). A History of Mathematics: From Mesopotamia to Modernity. OUP Oxford. pp. 85–88. ISBN 978-0-19-152383-0. Diarkib ari asal ba 2019-02-04. Diambi 2017-05-16.

[6] Mathematics across cultures : the history of non-western mathematics. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. 2000. pp. 410–411. ISBN 1-4020-0260-2.

[7] Descartes, René (1954) [1637]. La Géométrie: The Geometry of René Descartes with a facsimile of the first edition. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-60068-8. Diambi 20 April 2011.

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