Wp/iba/Jaku Hebrew
| Jaku Hebrew | |
|---|---|
| עִבְֿרִית, Ivrit | |
 Portion of the Isaiah Scroll, a second-century BCE manuscript of the Biblical Book of Isaiah and one of the best-preserved of the Dead Sea Scrolls. | |
| Sebut | Moden: [ivˈʁit] [note 1] Tiber: [ʕivˈriθ] Bup Kudus: [ʕibˈrit] |
| Dikena ba | Israel |
| Menua | Levant Selatan |
| Punas | Mishnaic Hebrew extinct as a spoken language by the 5th century CE, surviving as a liturgical language along with Jaku Hebrew Bup Kudus for Judaisme[1][2][3] |
| Revival | Revived in the late 19th century CE. 9 million speakers of Modern Hebrew, of which 5 million are native speakers and 3.3 million are second language speakers (2018)[4] |
Tukuh kelia | |
Tukuh baku | |
| Dialek | |
| Hebrew alphabet Hebrew Braille Paleo-Hebrew alphabet (Archaic Biblical Hebrew) Imperial Aramaic script (Late Biblical Hebrew) Samaritan script (Samaritan Biblical Hebrew) | |
| Signed Hebrew (oral Hebrew accompanied by sign)[5] | |
| Status resmi | |
Jaku resmi ba | Israel (as Modern Hebrew)[6] |
Diaku jaku minoriti ba | |
| Diatur | Academy of the Hebrew Language האקדמיה ללשון העברית (ha-akademyah la-lashon ha-ʿivrit) |
| Kod jaku | |
| ISO 639-1 | he |
| ISO 639-2 | heb |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:heb – Modern Hebrewhbo – Classical Hebrew (liturgical)smp – Samaritan Hebrew (liturgical)obm – Moabite (extinct)xdm – Edomite (extinct) |
| Glottolog | hebr1246 |
| Linguasphere | 12-AAB-a |
Jaku Hebrew nya siti jaku Semitik ke dikena ba Israel
Penerang
Nota
- ↑ Sephardi: [ʕivˈɾit]; Iraqi: [ʕibˈriːθ]; Yemenite: [ʕivˈriːθ]; Ashkenazi: [ivˈʀis] or [ivˈris], strict pronunciation [ʔivˈris] or [ʔivˈʀis].
Malin
- ↑ Sáenz-Badillos (1993)
- ↑ H. S. Nyberg 1952. Hebreisk Grammatik. s. 2. Reprinted in Sweden by Universitetstryckeriet, Uppsala, 2006.
- ↑ Modern Hebrew at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
Classical Hebrew (liturgical) at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
Samaritan Hebrew (liturgical) at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
Moabite (extinct) at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
Edomite (extinct) at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
- ↑ "Hebrew". Ethnologue. Diarkib ari asal ba 14 May 2020. Diambi 4 April 2018.
- ↑ Meir, Irit; Sandler, Wendy (2013). A Language in Space: The Story of Israeli Sign Language.
- ↑ "Basic Law: Israel – the Nation State of the Jewish People" (PDF). The Knesset. The State of Israel. Diarkib ari asal (PDF) on 10 April 2021. Diambi 31 August 2020.
- ↑ Pisarek, Walery. "The relationship between official and minority languages in Poland" (PDF). European Federation of National Institutions for Language. Diarkib (PDF) ari asal ba 14 December 2019. Diambi 7 November 2017.
- ↑ "Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 – Chapter 1: Founding Provisions | South African Government". www.gov.za. Diarkib ari asal ba 18 May 2019. Diambi 2020-08-29.
- ↑ Yağmur, Kutlay (2001), Extra, G.; Gorter, D. (eds.), "Turkish and other languages in Turkey", The Other Languages of Europe, Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, pp. 407–427, ISBN 978-1-85359-510-3, diarkib ari asal ba 20 October 2023, diambi 2023-10-06,
"Mother tongue" education is mostly limited to Turkish teaching in Turkey. No other language can be taught as a mother tongue other than Armenian, Greek, and Hebrew, as agreed in the Lausanne Treaty [...] Like Jews and Greeks, Armenians enjoy the privilege of an officially recognized minority status. [...] No language other than Turkish can be taught at schools or at cultural centers. Only Armenian, Greek, and Hebrew are exceptions to this constitutional rule.
- ↑ Zetler, Reyhan (2014). "Turkish Jews between 1923 and 1933 – What Did the Turkish Policy between 1923 and 1933 Mean for the Turkish Jews?" (PDF). Bulletin der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Judaistische Forschung (23): 26. OCLC 865002828. Diarkib (PDF) ari asal ba 15 October 2023. Diambi 12 October 2023.
- ↑ Toktaş, Şule (2006). "EU enlargement conditions and minority protection : a reflection on Turkey's non-Muslim minorities". East European Quarterly. 40 (4): 489–519. ISSN 0012-8449. Diarkib ari asal ba 11 October 2023. Diambi 12 October 2023. p. 514:
This implies that Turkey grants educational right in minority languages only to the recognized minorities covered by the Lausanne who are the Armenians, Greeks and the Jews.
- ↑ Bayır, Derya (2013). Minorities and nationalism in Turkish law. Cultural Diversity and Law. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-1-4094-7254-4. Diarkib ari asal ba 14 October 2023. Diambi 12 October 2023.
Oran farther points out that the rights set out for the four categories are stated to be the 'fundamental law' of the land, so that no legislation or official action shall conflict or interfere with these stipulations or prevail over them (article 37). [...] According to the Turkish state, only Greek, Armenian and Jewish non-Muslims were granted minority protection by the Lausanne Treaty. [...] Except for non-Muslim populations - that is, Greeks, Jews and Armenians - none of the other minority groups' language rights have been de jure protected by the legal system in Turkey.
- ↑ Questions and Answers: Freedom of Expression and Language Rights in Turkey. New York: Human Rights Watch. April 2002. Diarkib ari asal ba 20 October 2023. Diambi 12 October 2023.
The Turkish government accepts the language rights of the Jewish, Greek and Armenian minorities as being guaranteed by the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne.
