Wp/mos/Kui (music)
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| Subclass of | Turkic-Mongolic music, Kazakh folk music  |
|---|---|
| Country of origin | Kazakhstan |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00996, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00996, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00996 |
Kui yaa Kibchak instrumental mizik sẽn maand ne buud-goam sẽn tar bẽedã, b sẽn maand ne bẽed la b sẽn maand n maand ne b rũmsã, wala dombyra, qobyz, sirnai, wʋsg ne Kazakhs wã sẽn tar bẽnde, la Kyrgyz Komuz. Yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 20 soabã pʋgẽ, Kazakh Sobiɛtã yɩɩl-gʋlsdb maana eksperimens ne kuis yɩɩl sẽn yaa b sẽn na n yɩɩl ne yɩɩl-kẽengã.
Kʋy sẽn be Kazakhstani buud-goamẽ wã pʋgẽ, b maana ne dombyr
Kazak buud-goamẽ wã, b ra zãmsda koe-rãmb n pa gʋlsd b sẽn na n gʋls ye. Wala makre, Kazakh nebã yetame tɩ "Kui aqsaq qulan" (tõnd sẽn yaa bĩngd) yaa yʋʋmd 1300 soabã. Sẽn gʋls-b Kazakh-rãmb wʋsg koe-rãmb zĩnda yʋʋm kob-gĩnd a taabã sʋka. La b sẽn yãkd-a wã yita yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 19 la 20 soabã. Koe-no-rãmbã ra tara gom-biis sẽn wilgd bũmb ning sẽn be Biiblã pʋgẽ wã, a sẽn gʋlsã, a sẽn tallã, a sababã la a sẽn tall-b to-to wã. Sẽn deng n maan kui wã, a ra gomda bũmb ning sẽn na n kɩt tɩ b wʋm koɛɛgã. La wakat ning b sẽn da yet tɩ b na n maana kuisã, b pa le maand instrumentalã ye.
Yaa pĩnd wẽndẽ kom-bɩɩs la b sẽn gʋlsd bũmb ninsã.
Dombyra Kuis yaa b sẽn da maand yʋʋm kobs-gĩnd dãmb sẽn kaoos n dɩkd b mens n maand yɩɩl ne b nin-buiidã. Sẽn yɩɩd fãa, yaa yɩɩl-dãmb sẽn tar pãng sẽn pa kaoos la b sẽn tar pãng wʋsgã n be Kazakhstan kʋdemdã pʋgẽ.
- Sipr-Zyrã (14th century)
- Kaaztugan or Abulqadir (15th century)
- A Asangigy (sa-rɩt-na-sik 14-15 wã)
- Baizhigit (sa-rɩt-n-tʋʋmd 15-16 soabã)
La yʋʋmd 1800 wã sʋka, nebã ra tara b mens n yɩɩd pĩndã. Rẽ poore, kom-bɩɩs wʋsg n zĩndame n naan kuis:
- Kurmangaz Sagirbai (1823-1889)
- A Maambet Otemisuly (Utemisov, 1803-1846)
- Dauletkerei Shygauly (Shygaev, 1821-1875)
- Tattimbet Qazangapuly (Kazangapov, 1817-1862)
- A Abyl Taraquly, (Taraqov, 1820-1892)
- Esbai (1810–1901)
- Qazangap (1854–1921)
- Toqa Shonmanuly (Shonmanov, 1830–1904) la neb a taab
Yaa b sẽn da boond tɩ Dina Nurpeisqyzy (1861-1955) n sɩng a karẽn-biisã.
Tʋʋmd buud fãa
Nebã sẽn gʋlsd b sõssã yaa buud-goam la b gʋlsd b sẽn gʋlsd-b wã. B yetame tɩ b sẽn boond tɩ kuis rãmbã sɩngame ne nin-buiid nins sẽn yaa nomad rãmbã. B sẽn da maand woto wã, b ra tara b toor-toor minim la b minim.
Kuisã yɛl yaa toor-toore: b sɩngda ne filozofi wã n tãag ne siglgã sẽn yaa kãsenga. Wala makre, Dauletkerei kui, "Zhiger", sẽn dat n yeel tɩ "Tõnd vɩɩma" bɩ Qazangap kui "Kokil" sẽn dat n yeelame tɩ "Meli wã yɩɩla"; Osen Tore kui, "Ottin Dunie, Kettin Dunie" sẽn dat ne "Mam wakatã loogame". Sãnda baooda neb sẽn get b mens yelle (Qurmangazy's Kui "Toremurat" - rao yʋʋr; Mamen's Kui"Aqsholpan" sẽn yaa pag yʋʋr; Dina's "Asem Qonyr"). La a taab yaa tẽn-tẽng sẽn yaa tẽn-bɛd - tẽn-bɛdã pʋse: Qurmangazy kui "Sary Arqa" sẽn dat n yeel tɩ "Zĩn-bɛd", Tattimbet kui "Sarzhailau" sẽn dat tɩ "Zõnda tãnga", Bogda kui "Zhem Suynyn Tasqyny" sẽn dat ne "Zem kʋɩlgã koabg".
A sã n wa gomd bũmb ning sẽn maan ne a Zeova wã yelle, a gomda bũmb nins sẽn maan ne-a wã yelle. (Qurmangazy's Kui "Aman Bol Sheshem, Aman Bol" rat n yeelame tɩ "Kẽng-y, ma, y gũus-y"; Tattimbet's Kui"Kokei Kesti", bɩ sũur sẽn sãamd wʋsgo; Dina's "Qaraqasqa At" rat n yeel tɩ wed-bil sẽn yaa yĩn-bil ne zĩ-bilg a zugã.
B sẽn boond tɩ "Bozingen" wã rat n yeelame tɩ pʋg-paal sẽn yaa pemse, t'a Telkqonyr yaa wedg yʋʋr; a Ashimtai "Qonyr Qaz" rat n yeelame t'a yaa "Gos-rɩt", a Sugir "Aqqu" rat n yeel t'a ye yaa "Wwan-rɩta". Neb nins sẽn da be tẽn-tẽngã ra wilgda b vɩɩmã zĩigã sõma ne kuis.
Koe-no-kãsems
Bãada b sẽn boond tɩ "Kazã" wã yaa: "Kazɩ" la "Kazak" buud toor-toore. A Shertpe wã sã n yaa toor ne a Tokpe wã, a yaa bũmb sẽn wilgd tɩ bũmb yaa sõma, la a yaa sõma. La tẽns nins sẽn be Western soolmẽ wã wã, b sẽn da maand bũmb ninsã wilgda yɛl sẽn yaa kãseng n maan to-to, la b kõt taab pãng wʋsgo. B gʋlsame tɩ zems ne noy nins b sẽn kõ-dã.
A Shertpe kuis pa tar noy a woto b sẽn na n gʋlsã wɛɛngẽ ye. B yɩɩla yɩɩl wʋsgo, la b wẽnda yɩɩl sẽn yaa sõma. B yaa burkĩmb ne b modgrã, la b tara zood sẽn yaa kãsenga, sẽn yaa sũ-bʋgsem la sẽn yaa sũ - noog wʋsgo.
Yaa a Qurmangazy, a Dauletkerey, a Qazangap, a Abyl, a Esir, a Esbay, a Dina, la a Seitek. Sẽn yɩɩd fãa, yaa a Qurmangazy sẽn yit tẽns a taab pʋsẽ wã. A kɩtame tɩ yɩɩl nins sẽn yɩɩdã lebg sõma n yɩɩda. A Zɛrtpe nebã sẽn yaa Baizhigit, Tattimbet, Toqa, Dairabai, Sugur, Ryzdyq, Abiken, Tolegen la neb a taab wʋsg n wilgd-a.
Sebtiise
From the National Library of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Books in Russian.
1. Akishev K.A. "Kurgan of Issyk". — Moscow, 1978.
2. Alekseeva L. А., Nazhmedenov Zh. "Uniqueness of the Kazakh dombyra sound and tuning//Kazakh Culture:researches. Scientific articles brochure, Almaty, 2000.
3. Alekseeva L. А., Nazhmedenov Zh. Features of Kazakh Dombyra.// My i vselennaya journal. 2001.No. 1(6), p52-54.
4. Amanov B. Terms of compositions for dombyra Kui. Alma-Ata, 1982.
5. Aravin P.V. Steppe's stars. — Alma-ata, 1979.
6. Aravin P.V. Great Kuishi Dauletkerei.-Alma-ata, 1964.
7. Asafjef B.V. About Kazakh folk music.//Musical culture of Kazakhstan.-Alma-Ata, 1955.
8. Baramankulov M. Turkic space.-Almaty, 1996.
9. Vyzgo T. Musical instrumentsof the Central Asia.-Moscow, 1980.
10. Gizatov B.. Social and esthetic basics of Kazakh folk instrumental music.-Alma-Ata, 1989.
11. Zhubanov A.K. Dombyra-Kazakh national instrument.//Muzykoznanie journal.-Alma-Ata, 1976. p. 8-10.
12. Stakhov V. Arts od violin master. — Leningrad, 1988.
13. Nazhmedenov Zh. Acoustic features of Kazakh Dombyra. Aktobe, 2003.
14. Utegalieva S.I. Dombyra tradition in Mangystau. Almaty, 1997.