Wt/sco/is

See also: Wt/sco/Appendix:Variations of "is"

English

Etymology

From Middle Inglis, from Old English is, from Proto-Germanic *isti, a form of Template:Wt/sco/proto, from Template:Wt/sco/proto. Cognate with Wast Frisian is (“is”), Dutch is (“is”), German ist (“is”), Old Swedish is (“is”). The paradigm of "to be" has been since the time of Proto-Germanic a synthesis of four originally distinct verb stems. The infinitive form "to be" is from Template:Wt/sco/proto. The forms is and am are derived from Template:Wt/sco/proto whereas the form are comes from Template:Wt/sco/proto. Lastly, the past forms starting with "w-" such as was and were are from Template:Wt/sco/proto.

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA⁽⁾: /ɪz/, X-SAMPA: /Iz/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Verb

is

1. Template:Wt/sco/third-person singular of

   He is a doctor. He retired some time ago.

   Should he do the task, it is vital that you follow him.

   It all depends on what the meaning of is is. - William Jefferson Clinton

Quotations

• For uissage exemples o this term, see Citations:is.

Translations

Translations

• Albanian:
• Arabic: zero copula in most cases; possible addition of هو‎ (ar) m (huwa) or هي‎ (ar) f (hiya); يكون‎ (ar) m (yakūna) or تكون‎ (ar) f (takūna) in subordinate clauses functioning as verbal complements
• Armenian: է (ē), կա (ka)
• Avestan: asti (asti)
• Belarusian: (limited usage) ёсць (josc’)
• Bosnian: , ,
• Breton:
• Bulgarian: е (e)
• Burmese: , , , (in negative clauses)
• Catalan: és, està
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 是 (shì) (not used with adjectives)

• Cornish:

  Kernewek Kemmyn: yw where an adjective or noun is the complement; yma in a positive statement, where a prepositional or verbal clause is the complement; usi in a negative or interrogative sentence, where a prepositional or verbal clause is the complement of a definite subject; eus in a negative or interrogative sentence, where a prepositional or verbal clause is the complement of an indefinite subject

• Croatian: ,
• Czech: je (cs)
• Danish: er (da)
• Dutch: is (nl)
• Esperanto:
• Estonian: on
• Faroese:
• Finnish: on (fi)
• French: est (fr)
• Georgian: არის (aris)
• German: ist (de)
• Gothic: 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist)
• Greek: είναι (eínai)
• Gujarati: please add this translation if ye can[[Category:Wt/sco/Translation requests (Template:Langname)]]
• Hebrew: זה‎ (ze)
• Hindi: है (hai)
• Hittite: ēšzi
• Hungarian: van (not used except as 'to exist')
• Icelandic: er (is)
• Ido:
• Igbo: bụ
• Interlingua: es
• Irish:
• Italian: è (it), sta
• Japanese: です (ja) (desu)
• Kannada: ಇದೆ (ide)
• Khmer: ជា (jīa), គឺ (geu)
• Korean: 이다 (ida) (copula), 있다 (itda) (to exist)
• Latgalian: irā

• Latin: est (la)
• Latvian:
• Lithuanian:
• Macedonian: е (mk) (e)
• Malay: ialah, adalah
• Malayalam: ആകുന്നു
• Maltese: please add this translation if ye can[[Category:Wt/sco/Translation requests (Template:Langname)]]
• Marathi: please add this translation if ye can[[Category:Wt/sco/Translation requests (Template:Langname)]]
• Mongolian:
• Nepali: please add this translation if ye can[[Category:Wt/sco/Translation requests (Template:Langname)]]
• Norwegian: er (no)
• Novial: es
• Old Church Slavonic:
• Old English:
• Old High German:
• Old Norse: er, es
• Old Persian: asti
• Oriya: please add this translation if ye can[[Category:Wt/sco/Translation requests (Template:Langname)]]
• Persian: اَست (æst),
• Polish: jest (pl)
• Portuguese: é (pt), está (pt)
• Romanian: este (ro), e
• Russian: есть (jest’) (has a very limited usage)
• Sanskrit:
• Scots: is
• Scottish Gaelic: tha
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: је, јест

  Roman: je, jest

• Slovak: je (sk)
• Slovene: je
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: jo

• Spanish: es, está, hay in existencial sentences, when the subject is indefinite, verb-noun inversion also necessary
• Swedish: är (sv)
• Tagalog: ay
• Tamil: please add this translation if ye can[[Category:Wt/sco/Translation requests (Template:Langname)]]
• Thai: (not used with adjectives), อยู่ (yòo), คือ (keu)
• Tibetan: please add this translation if ye can[[Category:Wt/sco/Translation requests (Template:Langname)]]
• Turkish: var (tr)
• Ukrainian: (has a very limited usage)
• Urdu: ہے‎ (hai)
• Vietnamese: (when followed by a predicate nominative); thì (but often not translated when followed by a predicate adjective); tồn tại, hiện có (to exist)
• Võro: om
• Welsh: ydi/ydy in identification sentences/questions, mae
• West Frisian: is
• Yiddish:

See also

See also

am are art be

been beest being was

wast were wert

Statistics

• Maist common Inglis wirds afore 1923: he · his · with · #12: is · it · for · as

Anagrams

• si, Si, SI

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Afrikaans

Verb

is

1. am, are, is (present tense, all persons, plural and singular of wees, to be)

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Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iːs/
• Rhymes: -iːs

Noun

is c (singular definite Wt/sco/isen, plural indefinite Wt/sco/is)

1. Template:Wt/sco/uncountable ice, ice cream (water in frozen form, dessert)
2. Template:Wt/sco/countable ice, ice cream (ice cream on a stick or in a wafer cone)

Inflection

Declension o Wt/sco/is

common gender	Seengular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	Wt/sco/is	Wt/sco/isen	Wt/sco/is	Wt/sco/isene
genitive	is'	Wt/sco/isens	is'	Wt/sco/isenes

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪs/

• audio

  (file)

Verb

1. ; is.
2. equals

   Twaalf min drie is negen — twelve minus three equals nine

Adverb

1. Template:Wt/sco/informal Misspelling of es, an abbreviation of eens

Anagrams

• si

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Gothic

Romanization

is

1. Romanization o 𐌹𐍃

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Hungarian

Etymology

Cognate of .

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiʃ/

• Audio

  (file)

Adverb

is

1. also, too, as well
2. again (used in a question to ask something one has forgotten)

   Hogy is hívják? (What's that called, again?)

Synonyms

• szintén

Derived terms

• mégis
• ugyanis
• úgyis

Expressions

• a falnak is füle van
• segíts magadon, s az Isten is megsegít
• sok jó ember kis helyen is elfér

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Irish

Etymology 1

From agus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɪsˠ], IPA⁽⁾: [sˠ]

Conjunction

is

• and

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Template:Wt/sco/proto.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɪsˠ], [sˠ] (before nouns and adjectives)
• IPA^(key): [ʃ] (before pronouns é, í, ea, iad)

Particle

is

1. Present/future realis copula form

   (definition: predicate is indefinite)

   (identification: predicate is definite)

   (idiomatic noun predicate)

   (idiomatic adjective predicate)

2. Used to introduce the comparative/superlative form of adjectives

Usage notes

Used in present and future sentences for identification or definition of a subject as the person/object identified in the predicate of the sentence. Sometimes used with noun or adjective predicates, especially in certain fixed idiomatic phrases. It is not a verb.

In comparative/superlative formations, is is strictly speaking the relative of the copula, hence an buachaill is mó literally means "the boy who is biggest", i.e. "the biggest boy". The thing compared is introduced by ná (“than”).

Related terms

• an (used in interrogative sentences)
• ba (used in past and conditional sentences)
• ní (used in negative sentences)
• nach (used in negative questions)

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Latin

Etymology 1

Inflected form of eō (“go”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /iːs/

Verb

īs

1. singular present active indicative of 2

Etymology 2

From Template:Wt/sco/proto.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /is/

Pronoun

is ; (f ea, n id, pl ei)

1. Template:Wt/sco/demonstrative it; he (refers to a masculine word), this, that

   Is ad me rescripsit.

   He wrote to me again.

Declension

Irregular: similar to first and second declensions, except for singular genitives ending in "-ius" and singular datives ending in "-ī".

Number	Singular				Plural
Case \ Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
nominative	is	ea	id		eī, iī	eae	ea
genitive	eius	eius	eius		eōrum	eārum	eōrum
dative	eī	eī	eī		eīs, iīs	eīs, iīs	eīs, iīs
accusative	eum	eam	id		eōs	eās	ea
ablative	eō	eā	eō		eīs, iīs	eīs, iīs	eīs, iīs

See also

Laitin personal pronouns

Nummer	Person	Gender	Nominative	Genitive	Dative	Accusative	Ablative	Possessive
Singular	First	—	ego	meī	mihi	mē		meus, -a, -um
	Seicont	—	tū	tuī	tibi	tē		tuus, -a, -um
	Reflexive Third	—	—	suī	sibi	sē, sēsē		suus, -a, -um
	Third	Masculine	is	eius	eī	eum	eō	eius
		Feminine	ea			eam	eā
		Neuter	id			id	eō
Plural	First	—	nōs	nostrī, nostrum	nōbīs	nōs	nōbīs	noster, -tra, -trum
	Seicondt	vōs	vestrī, vestrum	vōbīs	vōs	vōbīs	vester, -tra, -trum
	Reflexive Third	—	—	suī	sibi	sē, sēsē		suus, -a, -um
	Third	Masculine	eī, iī	eōrum	eīs	eōs	eīs	eōrum
		Feminine	eae	eārum		eās		eārum
		Neuter	ea	eōrum		ea		eōrum

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Norwegian

Etymology

From Old Norse íss.

Noun

1. ice

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Old English

Etymology

From Template:Wt/sco/proto, from Template:Wt/sco/proto. Cognate with Old Frisian īs, Old Saxon īs, Dutch ijs, Old High German īs (German Eis), Old Norse íss (Swedish is). There are parallels in many Iranian languages, apparently from the same Indo-European root: Avestan , Persian یخ (yakh), Pashto جح (jaḥ), Ossetian их (ix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iːs/

Noun

īs ?

1. ice
   • the Legend of St Andrew

     Ofer eastreamas is brycgade.

     The ice formed a bridge over the streams.

2. The runic character ᛁ (/i/ or /i:/)

Derived terms

• īsceald
• īsiġ

Descendants

• English: ice

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Old High German

Etymology

From Template:Wt/sco/proto

Noun

īs

1. ice

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Old Saxon

Etymology

From Template:Wt/sco/proto.

Pronoun

is ((h)is)

1. his, its

Declension

Auld Saxon personal pronouns

Personal pronouns
Singular	1.	2.	3. m	3. f	3. n
Nominative	ik	thū	hē	sīu	it
Accusative	mī, mik	thī, thik	ina	sīa
Dative	mī	thī	imu	iru	it
Genitive	mīn	thīn	is	ira	is, sīn
Dual	1.	2.	-	-	-
Nominative	wit	git	-	-	-
Accusative	unk	ink	-	-	-
Dative
Genitive	unkaro	inka	-	-	-
Plural	1.	2.	3. m	3. f	3. n
Nominative	wī	gī	sīa	sīa	sīu
Accusative	ūs	iu
Dative			im
Genitive	ūsa	iuwa	iro

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈijs/, /ˈis/
• (Carioca) IPA^(key): /ˈijʃ/

Noun

is

1. • 2003, J. K. Rowling, Lya Wyler, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix, Rocco, page 411:

     Se você pôs os pingos nos is e cortou os tês então pode fazer o que quiser!

     If you've dotted your I's and crossed your T's, then you can do whatever you want!

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Scots

Adverb

is (nae comparable)

1. as

Synonyms

• es

Conjunction

Wt/sco/is

1. as

Synonyms

• es

Pronoun

Wt/sco/is personal, non-emphatic

1. me

See also

• A
• mei (emphatic variant)

Verb

is

1. Third-person singular simple present form of ti be

See also

• ir

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Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

• 's

Conjunction

is

1. and

Synonyms

• agus

Verb

is

1. am, are, is

Usage notes

• This defective verb doesn't have the infinitive, future tense, subjunctive or conditional moods.
• The dependent form, used after particles, is e.
• Is is used when linking the subject of a sentence with an object ("somebody is somebody", "somebody is something", "something is something"), otherwise forms of the verb bi are used:

  Is mise Dòmhnall. - I am Donald.

  Tha mise ann an taigh-seinnse. - I am in a pub.

Derived terms

• an e...?
• bu
• chan e
• gur e

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse íss.

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Noun

Wt/sco/is 

1. Template:Wt/sco/uncountable Ice; frozen water.
2. Template:Wt/sco/countable Ice; a sheet of ice lying on a body of water.

Declension

Declension o Wt/sco/Wt/sco/is

	singular		plural
Common	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative		Wt/sco/Wt/sco/isen
genitive	is

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Tok Pisin

Etymology

From Inglis East.

Noun

is

1. East

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Volapük

Adverb

is

1. here