Wp/shi/Tutlayt tamaziɣt taqburt

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Tutlayt tamaziɣt taqburt
Ingaln n tutlayt
ISO 639-3 –

Tutlayt tamaziɣt taqburt nɣ tamaziɣt tamzwarut (s tanglizt: Proto-Berber, Proto-Libyan) tga yat tutlayt tazaykut d nttat a ɣ d-ffɣnt tutlayin timaziɣin lli iddrn ɣ-ass-ad. Tkka-tt-inn tga yat tutlayt tafrusyawit, ɣayann a f gant tutlayin timaziɣin lli zgis iffɣn istiss n ɛmmis n tutlayt tamiṣrit d tutlayin tikuciyin d tutlayin tisamiyin d tutlayin titcadiyin d tutlayin tumuṭiyin.[1]

Amzruy

Teṭṭaf tutlayt tamaziɣt tamzwarut kra n tɣawsiwin ur illin ɣ tutlayin tifrusyawiyin yaḍnin, macc tutlayin timaziɣin n ɣil-ad mmrwasnt bahra ɣ ingratsn. Tbayn-d tutlayt tamaziɣt tamzwarut ɣar 3000 isggʷasn aya mqqar tbḍa f Tutlayin tifrusyawiyint gr 9000 d 10,000 n isggʷasn aya. Iɣ d-nucka ad nẓṛ mad tettini tussna n usmzazal n tutlayin d umzruy[2], rad naf is nnan imassann mas tzri tutlayt ad f sin tikliwin n tmhazt ad tn igan[3]:

  • Tamaziɣt taqburt tamzwarut 1 (PB1) nna ibayyn tqriban kra n 7000 n isggʷasn aya.
  • Tamaziɣt taqburt tis snat 2 (PB2) xtad tga illis n temzwarut d nttat a ɣ d uckant akkʷ tutlayin timaziɣin lli sul illan ɣil-ad.

Ɣ tasut tis-30 qbl ad iggz ɛisa, bḍan middn lli isawaln s tmaziɣt taqburt ɣ tfriqt n ugafa gr Lmɣrib d Miṣra. Ɣ tasut tis-10 qbl ad iggz ɛisa, ijṛa yan ttawassuɛ yaḍn nttan ad aɣ iskrn ma mi nttini ɣil-a igdudn imaziɣn lli-nn iqyydn ɣ dar irumiyn. Ijra ttawassuɛ iggʷran ɣ ifḍ d kra bɛd ɛisa, lliɣ nnucgn imuhaɣ nɣ itwargiyn lli yumẓn ɣil-a tanzruft imqqurn n tfriqt lli mu nttini Ṣṣaḥra.[4]

Ẓr ula

Tinidlisn

  • Allati, Abdelaziz (2002). Diachronie tamazighte ou berbere (en francés). Publications de L'Universite Abdelmalek Essaâdi. p. 296. ISBN 9981-61-015-1.
  • Blench, R. (2006). Archaeology, language, and the African past. Rowman Altamira. p. 361. ISBN 0-7591-0466-2.
  • Boukouss, Ahmed (2009). Phonologie de l'amazigh. Institut Royal de la Culture Amazigh. p. 445. ISBN 9954-28-019-7. Archivado desde el original el 26 de noviembre de 2013.
  • Ehret, Christopher (1995). Reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic (Proto-Afrasian): vowels, tone, consonants, and vocabulary. University of California Press. p. 557. ISBN 0-520-09799-8.
  • Heath, Jeffrey (2005). A grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali). Walter de Gruyter. p. 745. ISBN 3-11-018484-2.
  • Heine, Bernd; Derek Nurse (2000). African languages: an introduction. Cambridge University Press. p. 396. ISBN 0-521-66629-5.
  • Kossmann, Maarten (2001a), «L'origine du vocalisme en zénaga de Mauritanie», en Ibriszimow, Dymitr; Vossen, Rainer, eds., Etudes berbères, pp. 89-95
  • Kossmann, Maarten (2001b), «The Origin of the Glottal Stop in Zenaga and its Reflexes in the other Berber Languages», Afrika und Übersee 84: 61-100
  • König, Christa (2008). Case in Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 343. ISBN 0-19-923282-2.
  • Prasse, Karl G. (1972-1974). Manuel de grammaire touarègue (tăhăggart) 3. Copenhagen.

Izdayn n brra

Iɣbula

  1. ↑ Abdl Aziz Alati (2002). Diachronie tamazighte ou berbere (s tfransist). منشورات جامعة عبد المالك السعدي. p. 296. ISBN 9981-61-015-1. ↑
  2. ↑ Militarev, A. (1984), "Sovremennoe sravnitel'no-istoricheskoe afrazijskoe jazykoznanie: chto ono mozhet dat' istoricheskoj nauke?", Lingvisticheskaja rekonstrukcija i drevnejshaja istorija Vostoka, Moscow, pp. 3–26, 44–5
  3. ↑ Louali & Philippson 2003, "Les Protoméditerranéens Capsiens sont-ils des protoberbères ? Interrogations de linguiste.", GALF (Groupement des Anthropologues de Langue Française), Mrrakc، 22-25 Cutanbir 2003. ↑
  4. ↑ Heine 2000, p. 292.

Ɣaylli sis izdin

Tutlayin Timaziɣin
Tutlayin Amzray Tamaziɣt taqburt†,LB
Gwanc Tagwancit†
agmuḍ Tawilant · Tasknit · Taɣdimsit · Tazrgt† · Tanfust · Tasiwit
Iẓẓlmḍ Taznatit Aṭlas Anammas AgmuḍanSṬ (Ayt Sɣruccn · Ayt Warayn) · Tanzruft Tagafayt (Tagurart · Tumẓabt · Tamaziɣt n unẓul n Wahran d Figig · Tidiklt · Tuwat · Tugurt · Tagargrnt) · Tarifit · Taznatit tagmuḍant tamɣribit · Ayt Iznasn · Ayt Snus · Tacawit · Tazwarit TatunsitSG (Tajṛbit · Tamaziɣt n Maṭmaṭa · Tasndit† · Tawilult) · Tutrimt Tadzayrit (Taclfit · Tacnwit)
Ur igin tiznatin Tamaziɣt n waṭlas (Aṭlas Anammas · Llisan Al-ɣarbi† · Taɣumarit · Taṣnhajit n Srayr · Taclḥit) · Taqbaylit
Inawayn Tamaziɣt Tanawayt Tamɣribit · Tamaziɣt Tanawayt Tadzayrit
Twarg Tamahaq · Tamacq · Tawllammt · Tayart
Anẓul Utrim Tatsrrt · Tuḍḍungiyya
Agmmay Agmmay n Tifinaɣ · Agmmay Alatin · Tirra taɛrabt · Tirra taɛibrit
Timrsal Unbiḍ AAAL (Dzayr) · SNM (Dzayr) · SGSM (Lmɣrib) · DNAFLA (Mali) · CRB (Fransa)
Ur gin unbiḍ Agraw imaziɣn(GM) · Agraw Amaḍlan Amaziɣ (GMM)
SG Ar tzzray s ugmuḍan· SṬ Ar tzzray s Waṭlas · † Tutlayt inɣuban · LB Tettyalsbna
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