Wp/shi/Tutlayt Tarifit
| Tutlayt Tarifit | |
|---|---|
| Tarifit — تاريفيت — ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴼⵉⵜ | |
At tutlayt tayemmat | 4 399 000 (2016) |
| Tifinaɣ, Agmmay aɛrab d Agmmay alatini | |
| Ingaln n tutlayt | |
| ISO 639-3 |
rif |
| Glottolog |
tari1263[1] |
 | |
Tga Tarifit awal amaziɣ nna s sawaln ayt rrif. Zɣ mad nufa ɣ usiḍn amrrukiy n 2004, uṭṭun n imssiwln n trifiyt ɣ umrruk iga t attayn n 1,270,000 umlyun, ilkm attayn n 1,5 umlyun ɣ umaḍal akkʷ. zɣ dar isugam yaḍnin, ittwasitg wuṭṭun n imssiwln nns s wattayn n 3 imlyunn.
Llan tuggt n imssiwln n trifiyt ɣ urubba nna s ddan dffir n uzwag nnsn imqqurn zɣ wammas n isggʷasn n 1960. Hulanḍa, Abljik, d Waliman, gan timizar nna ɣ bahra llan.
Waxxa ittwassn ism ad n "tarifiyt", ig yan yirm ubɣir (ilan abɣur), imaziɣn n rrif ar aqqran i tutlayt-nnsn s isem "tamaziɣt".
Tiqbilin timslmaziɣin nna isawaln s trifiyt gan tnt: ibqquyn, ayt uryaɣl, ayt tmsaman, ayt tuzin, ayt ɛmmart, igznnayn, (metalsa, ibdarsn?), ayt sɛid, iqlɛiyn, tafrsit, ayt Oulicek(?), ayt buyḥyi, ikbdanen, ayt gmil.
Isnfiln Imsislitn
Ittwassn wawal arifiy s isnfiln nns imsislitn sis iẓlin. isnfiln ad imsislitn gan zɣ tɣawsiwin iskarn tanmart ɣ urmas dar imaziɣn ann yaḍn.
| askkil | manik s ittwasusru | amdya |
|---|---|---|
| l | r | awal [awar]; aɣyul [aɣyur]; ul [ur] |
| k | c | nkk [ncc]; akal [acal]; mamk [mamc] |
| ll | ddj | illi [iddji]; taẓallit [taẓaddjit] |
| g | j | agllid [ajddjid]; agḍiḍ [ajḍiḍ] |
| g | y | agm [aym] |
| lt | tc | ultma [utcma]; taɣyult [taɣyutc] |
| r | aa | war [waa]; tamɣart [tamɣaat]; tamurt [tamwaat] |
| sk | cc | isk [icc]; tiskrt [ticcrt] |
Amata n walsiwn irifiyn, slawan akkʷ win tsggʷin tinammasin n rrif amslmaziɣ, gisn isnfiln ad imsislitn, mac ur kullu gis ttwaɛmmemn; ur llin dar walsiwn n ugmmuḍ n rrif (ikbdann, iznasn...) nna yaẓn uggar i tntaliwin ann yaḍn ɣ uswir amsisli.
Imgirrden gr Tarifit d tutlayin timaziɣin yaḍni:
- /l/ ar ttedwal /ř/, zun d : aɣyul -> aɣyuř
- Ur ar ttnṭaqn /r/ iɣ illa ḍaṛt n uɣri: taddart -> taddaat.
Lemmer tlla tiɣra mbeɛd /r/ ar t nttnṭaq, zun d : ar tnṭaqn /r/ n tamara.
- /ll/ ar ittedwal /ǧ/, Amedya : yelli -> yeǧi.
- /lt/ ar ittedwal /č/, Amedya : weltma -> wečma.
- S umata /k/ ar ittedwal /c/.
- Mnck n twal, ur ar ttnṭaqn awṣil a-, zun d : afus -> fus
| Asekkil ɣ tmaziɣt n arrif | Taguri tarifit | Taguri ɣ tntalayin yaḍnin | Anamek s taclḥit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ř ř | uř | ul | ul |
| aɣyuř | aɣyul | aɣyul | |
| awař | awal | awal | |
| Ǧ ǧ (dj) | azeǧif | ixf | agayyu/ixf |
| yeǧa | yella | illa | |
| ajeǧid | agellid | agllid | |
| Č č | wečma | weltma | ultma |
| tacemřač | tamllalt | tumlilt | |
| taɣyuč | taɣyult | taɣyult |
Isaɣuln
- Biarnay, Samuel. 1911. Etude sur le dialecte des Bet't'ioua du Vieil-Arzeu. Alger: Carbonel.
- Biarnay, Samuel. 1917. Etude sur les dialectes berbères du Rif. Paris: Leroux.
- Cadi, Kaddour. 1987. Système verbal rifain. Forme et sens. Paris: Peeters.
- Colin, Georges Séraphin. 1929. "Le parler berbère des Gmara." Hespéris 9: 43-58.
- Kossmann, Maarten. 2000. Esquisse grammaticale du rifain oriental. Paris: Peeters.
- Lafkioui, Mena. 2007. Atlas linguistique des variétés berbères du Rif. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe.
- McClelland, Clive. 1996. Interrelations of prosody, clause structure and discourse pragmatics in Tarifit Berber. University of Texas at Arlington.
- McClelland, Clive. The Interrelations of Syntax, Narrative Structure, and Prosody in a Berber Language (Studies in Linguistics and Semiotics, V. 8). Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2000. (Template:ISBN)
- Mourigh, K., & Kossmann, M. 2020. An introduction to Tarifiyt Berber (Nador, Morocco) (Lehrbücher orientalischer Sprachen ; volume IV/1). (Template:ISBN)
- Renisio, A. 1932. Etude sur les dialectes berbères des Beni Iznassen, du Rif et des Senhaja de Sraïr. Paris: Leroux.
Izdayn n brra
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Ẓr ula Tarifit ɣ Wikipidya lli illan ɣ Wikimidya Incubator |
- Tarifiyt Berber Vocabulary List (from the World Loanword Database)
- INALCO report on Tarifit (fr)
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Tutlayt Tarifit". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.