Wp/shi/Iclḥiyn
| Iclḥiyn | |
|---|---|
| ⵉⵛⵍⵃⵉⵢⵏ (tirra n tifinaɣ) | |
| إشلحين (tirra taɛrabt) | |
 Tamɣart taclḥiyt zɣ idrarn n waṭlas mẓẓiyn, tla kullu lucam d nnqrt. Ɣ umzwaru n tasut tis-XX | |
| Uṭṭun | |
 Lmɣrib | 8 id mlyun |
 Fransa | 500 000 |
 Israyil | 400 000 |
 Ṭalyan | 150 000 |
 Ṣbanya | 100 000 |
 Hulanda | 50 000 |
.svg){kind=small} Bljika | 30 000 |
| Uṭṭun kullut | Kran 12 id mlyun |
| Tɣawsiwin yaḍn | |
| Aẓur | Iffus n Lmɣrib |
| Tutlayt | Taclḥit |
| Asgd | uggar n 95% Lislam [1] |
| Agdud | Amaziɣ |
Gan Iclḥiyn (s tfinaɣ : ⵉⵛⵍⵃⵉⵢⵏ, lbɛḍ n twal ar nttini Isusiyn s unamk n Iclḥiyn) yan ugdud amaziɣ aẓur nns iffus n tgldit n Lmɣrib, ɣ tsgiwin n Sus d Iḥaḥan d Lḥawz d waṭlas mẓẓiyn d way mqqurn ... D nttni aygan agdud lli akk imqqurn gr igdudn imaziɣn ɣ tmazɣa, ar ilkkm uṭṭun nnsn kran 12 imlyan.
Aẓur n yism[edit | edit source]
Aẓuṛ n yism n Acelḥiy nɣ Taclḥit ur ittussan. Tikklt tamzwarut nna ɣ d gis ibayyn ism ad ɣ ammas n idlisn iqburn ikka tt inn ɣ tasut tis-17, d nnan fllas mayad: « [...] dans Maroc et dans toutes les provinces de cet Empire, aussi bien que parmi les Numides et les Getules qui font vers l’occident, on parle la langue africaine pure, qu’on nomme Chilha et Tamazegt, noms fort anciens. »[2]. s taclḥit: « [...] Ɣ Lmɣrib d ɣ tisgiwin akk n Umnkud ad, ula gr Inumidiyn d Ijiṭuln lli d ikkan tsga n utaram, ar sawaln yat tutlayt tafiqit taḥurrit, nna qqarn Clḥa d Tamazigt, imawn ad qdimn bahra. ». Ɣilad, yism ad iga yan yism nna bahra sxdamn iclḥiyn gra-tsn.
Ar ttinin kran idlisn d iɣbula masd ism ad ur igi aẓɣuṛan, d mas "Clḥ" ikka awal aɛṛab n "Cilḥ" (amagut: "culuḥ" , s unamk n amxxar). Mac yism ad ur illi d ur atn nttafa abla ɣ tantalayin tiɛrabiyn n ugmuḍ anammas, d ur akk illi yism ad s unamk ad ɣ tantalayin tiɛrabiyn n tfriqt n ugafa, mayad ayd igan tanqqiṭṭ tamlkukt n tannayt ad. Ad ur nttu masd tugt n id butussna lli d isnubcn f waẓuṛ n yism ad ddun ar tllin ɣ imawaln n tutlayin yaḍnin, imil, ixṣṣa ad zwar ẓṛn imawaln n taclḥit. Mayad acku willi d isnubcn f waẓuṛ nns kullutn gan ibṛṛaniyn d ur aɣ sawaln s taclḥit. Anamk ad snyuddrn as bahra ayt umussu amaziɣ ɣ isggʷasn ad ggʷranin, wid iggʷran rruwjn i unamk ad fad ayg yism n Aclḥiy kra ixccn gr middn d iclḥiyn, s uwttas; ad smunn imaziɣn kullutn ddu yan yism adt igan Amaziɣ[3].
Llan daɣ agudi n warramn n ufasr n yism ad s imawaln n tutlayt Taclḥit. Talli akkʷ gisnt igan amẓlan tga tt tin umara Muḥammad Aqdim, lli d inna ɣ yan n idlisn nns, masd yism n "Cluḥ", ɣ tidt, iga yism aẓɣuṛan ittuyfkan i imzdaɣ n Lmɣrib, imṣmuḍiyn ɣ waṭlas mqqurn ɣ tisgwin n Mrrakc, tmazirt n Sus d waṭlas mẓẓiyn i ixfawn nnsn. Ɣ Taclḥit, amyag "Iclḥ" ila unamk n izdɣ bdda, zund iɣ tnnit "staqqṛ"[4]. Ɣayad ad aɣ yakkan masd yism n Cluḥ" iga tt middn lli d istaqṛn. Inna ula ɣ tirra nns masd ur iṭṭf ta yan unamk ad nsiggl f unamk n tguri ad ɣ imawaln n tutlayin yaḍnin[3].
Tuddma ad n A- ɣ tguri n Aclḥiy tga azwir nna nẓḍar ad naf ɣ tugt n tguriwin ticlḥiyin, ar nttafa azwir ad ɣ tutlayin timaziɣin s tɣarast ad nit, d s tutlayin tifrusyawiyin s tɣarasin yaḍn yaẓn i umaɣnu nɣ talɣa y'ad. Tagara n -iy (iẓḍar ad ig waẓuṛ nns tutlayt taɛrabt -iyy) ad ismuttgn ismawn d ifrisn. Llan ula kran timzarayin yaḍnin ddu talɣa n Aclḥay d Taclḥayt, s tgara n -ay ɣ udɣar n -iy ddu iḍiṣ n targalt lli t id izwarn ḥ [5]. Amagut n Aclḥiy iga tt Iclḥiyn ; ama yism unti nns tga tt Taclḥiyt (naḥya-t d tutlayt asmrs n y dat -t iggʷran), amagut Ticlḥiyin. Amma s ddarija nɣ taɛrabt tamɣribit, amsiwl amay iga Cəlḥ, amagut Cluḥ, d tutlayt Cəlḥa,[6] tawafuɣt tawtmant n Taclḥit.
Amzruy[edit | edit source]
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Tadlsa[edit | edit source]
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Tutlayt[edit | edit source]
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Taclḥit ( s tifinaɣ : ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ nɣd ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵙⵉⵜ ) tga yat tutlayt tamaziɣt illan ɣ tamazirt n lmɣrib, middn li sis isawaln gan Iclḥiyn. nttat ay-gan tutlayt tamaziɣt tamzwarut ɣ wuṭṭun n imssiwln d tiriwt n udɣar arakal nna tumẓ, llan uggar gr 8 ar 10 id mlyun ar sis sawaln.
Tettuysawal Tclḥiyt ɣ Sus, Iḥaḥan, Lḥuz n Mrrakc d kra n tsgg°in yaḍnin asn d iwalan. Tumẓ tutlayt taclḥit zɣ Taṣṣurt ɣ ugafa ar Aglmim ɣ unẓul ar Warzazat ɣ ugmuḍ. Mac ar tin ntafa tlla ula ɣ timdinin mqqurnin n lmɣrib zund Tigmmi Tumlilt ( Kaza ), d Rṛbaṭ d Sla.
Tkattin taclḥit ar tt taran s uskkil aɛrab nɣd alatini, ilin tugt n arratn s tclḥit s uskkil aɛrab. Ɣ isgg°asn ad gg°ranin isfɣ usinag agldan n tussna tamaziɣt anaw amaynu n tifinaɣ ar as tinin Neo-Tifinaɣ ntat ɣila as tt taran willi as ssnin. Mac askkil alatini nttan ad akk iggutn slawan ɣ lWeb.
Taclḥit kcmn tt iwaliwn n taɛrabt mac nttat ay-gan tutlayt tamaziɣt nna idrus is as kcmt iwaliwn iɛrabn, urd zund taqbaylit d tarifit d tutlayin timaziɣin yaḍnin ..., nẓḍar ad nini mas d nttat ay-gan tutlayt tamaziɣt nna akk iṭṭafn uṭṭun imqqurn n iwaliwn iẓuran ɣ tmaziɣt, zund amdya d izwiln nna illan sul ɣ wawal aclḥi ar ɣassa. Ɣayn ad yujjan tutlayin timaziɣin yaḍnin atn usin zɣ taclḥit afad ad tn skcmn s wawal nsn.
Izdayn n brra[edit | edit source]
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Iɣbula[edit | edit source]
- ↑ https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/14911/MO
- ↑ Perrot d'Ablancourt 1667: 92-93
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Maghrebvoices.com - Max ur ḥmiln imaziɣn n Lmɣrib ad fllasn tinit iclḥiyn ?
- ↑ Febrayer.com - Cluḥ d Taclḥit, d Maṣmuda d Imṣmudiyn.
- ↑ Stumme (1899: 3); Laoust (1936: v).
- ↑ Fox et Abu-Talib (1966: 155), Colin (1993: 976).
Ẓr uggar[edit | edit source]
Tinidlisn[edit | edit source]
- André Adam, La Maison et le Village dans quelques tribus de l'Anti-Atlas : contribution à l'étude de l'habitation chez les Berbères sédentaires du groupe chleuh, Larose, Paris, 1951, 78 p.
- Amédée Boussard, Tag honja la chleuh (histoire vécue), éd. Baudinière, Paris, 1935, 207 p.
- René Euloge, Silhouettes du pays Chleuh, Éditions de la Tighermt, Marrakech, 1951, 221 p.
- Alexis Chottin et Prosper Ricard, Musique et danses berbères du pays Chleuh : études et notations musicales et chorégraphiques, Heugel, Paris, 1933.
- Lahsen Hira, Parenté et mariage chez les Chleuh (Berbères marocains du Haut-Atlas occidental). Cas d'Idaw-Mhamud, université de Toulouse 2, 1983, 357 p. (thèse de 3e cycle).
- Léopold-Victor Justinard, Poèmes chleuh recueillis au Sous, librairie E. Leroux, Paris (extrait de La Revue du monde musulman, vol. . LX, p. 63-112.
- Émile Laoust, Contes berbères du Maroc : textes berbères du groupe Beraber-Chleuh (Maroc central, Haut et Anti-Atlas), Larose, Paris, 1949-1950, 2 vol.
- « Avec les berbères du Maroc », National Geographic, no 64, janvier 2005.
- Rachid Agrour, « », Cahiers d'études africaines, no 208, avril 2012, p. 767-811 (résumé [archive])
- Jacques Berque, « », Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français, vol. 27, nos 210-211, mai-juin 1950, p. 116-120