Wp/nyn/Sudan
Sudan,Sudan omu butongore, n'eihanga eriri omu matemba g'oburugwizooba bwa Africa. Neehikaana n'eihanga rya Afirika eya rwagati omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba, Chad omu burengyerwa-izooba, Libya omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba, Egypt omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba, enyanja erikutukura omu burengyerwa-izooba, Eritrea na Ethiopia omu mashuma g'oburugwizooba, hamwe na Sudan y'amashuuma omu mashuuma. Sudan eine omuhendo gw'abantu miriyoni 50 kuruga omwaka 2024 kandi neetwara ekicweka kya kiromita 1,886,068 (728,215 square miles), ekirikugihindura eihanga rya kashatu eririkusingayo obuhango omuri Afirika. Orurembo rwa Sudan orukuru kandi orurimu abantu baingi ni Khartoum.
Omwanya oguriho hati Sudan, gukareeba Hormusan (c. 40000-16000 BC), eby'obuhangwa bwa Halfan (c. 20500-17000 BC), Sebilian (c. 1300010000 BC), eby'obuhangwa bwa Qadan (c. 15005000 BC), orutaro rwa Jebel Sahaba, orutaro rw'okubanza orwamanyirwe omunsi yoona, nka 1500 BC, eby'obuhangwa bwa A-Group (c. 38003100 BC), Obukama bwa Kerma (c. 25001500 BC), obugabe bwa Egypt obusya (c. 15001070 BC), hamwe n'obugabe bwa Kush (c. 785 BC 350 AD). Ahanyima y'okugwa kwa Kush, aba Nubians bakakora obugabe bushatu obwa Nobatia, Makuria na Alodia. Ahagati y'ekyasha kya 14 n'ekya 15, Sudan erikukira obwingi ekatandika kutuurwamu abaharabu. Kuruga omu kyasha kya 16 kuhisya omu kyasha kya 19, Sudan eya rwagati n'ey'oburugwa eizooba bikategyekwa obutegyeki bwa Funj, kandi Darfur ekategyeka oburengyerwa eizooba n'aba Ottoman omuri burugwa izooba.
Kuruga omu kyasha kya 19, Sudan yoona ekasingwa Abanyamisri ahansi y'obutegyeki bwa Muhammad Ali. Obwinazi bw'ediini n'obw'eihanga bukarugaho omu bwimukiriro bwa Mahadist obu amahe ga Mahadist gakahendera gasingwirwe amahe ga Egypt na Bungyereza. Omuri 1899, ahabw'okunyigirizibwa kwa Bungyereza, Egypt ekaikiriza kugabana obutegyeki bwa Sudan na Bungyereza nk'eihanga. Sudan ekaba neetegyekwa Bungyereza. Enkora y'obutegyeki eya Egypt eya 1952 ekarugaho obutegyeki bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'obugabe bw'ob Muhammad Naguib, omwe aha beebembezi babiri b'empinduka kandi omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Egypt ow'okubanza, akaba ari omunya Sudan kandi akaba akuriire omuri Sudan. Akahindura okwetegyeka kwa Sudan ekintu ky'okubanza omu gavumenti y'abahanguzi. Eizooba rimwe okwezi kw'okubanza 1956, Sudan ekarangirirwa nk'eihanga eryetongoire.