Wp/nyn/Madagascar

Madagascar

sovereign state, island country, unitary state, country

part of	Indian Ocean Commission, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Southern African Development Community
inception	1960
official name	République de Madagascar, Madagasikara
native label	Repoblikan'i Madagaskar, République de Madagascar
official language	Malagasy, French
anthem	Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô!
culture	culture of Madagascar
continent	Africa
country	Madagascar
capital	Antananarivo
located in time zone	UTC+03:00
located in/on physical feature	Madagascar, East African islands, Indian Ocean, East Africa
coordinate location	20°0′0″S 47°0′0″E
coordinates of easternmost point	15°15′55″S 50°29′7″E
coordinates of northernmost point	11°57′0″S 49°15′0″E
coordinates of southernmost point	25°36′20″S 45°10′14″E
coordinates of westernmost point	12°7′36″S 49°2′42″E
geoshape	Data:Madagascar.map
highest point	Maromokotro
lowest point	Indian Ocean
basic form of government	republic
office held by head of state	President of Madagascar
head of state	Michael Randrianirina
office held by head of government	Prime Minister of Madagascar
head of government	Ruphin Zafisambo
legislative body	Parliament of Madagascar
central bank	Central Bank of Madagascar
currency	ariary
shares border with	no value, Comoros, France, Mozambique, Seychelles
coextensive with	Madagascar
driving side	right
electrical plug type	Europlug, AC power plugs and sockets: British and related types, Type E, SN 441011, Type K
replaces	French Madagascar
significant event	Independence of Madagascar
official website
hashtag	Madagascar
top-level Internet domain	.mg
flag	flag of Madagascar
coat of arms	Seal of Madagascar
geography of topic	geography of Madagascar
has characteristic	partly free country
history of topic	history of Madagascar
economy of topic	economy of Madagascar
demographics of topic	demographics of Madagascar
mobile country code	646
telephone country code	+261
emergency phone number	117, 118, 124
vehicle registration plate code	RM
maritime identification digits	647
Unicode character	🇲🇬
category for maps or plans	Category:Maps of Madagascar

Madagascar, omu butongore Republic of Madagascar, n'eihanga ry'eizinga omuri Indian Ocean eririmu ekizinga kya Madagascar hamwe n'obuzinga obundi bukye n'eshangwa aha rubaju rw'amashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa Africa. nikyo kizinga kya kana ekirikusingayo obuhango omunsi yoona kandi n'eihanga ry'eizinga erya kabiri omu buhango, kandi n'eihanga rya 46 omu buhango mu ndi yoona. Orurembo rwayo orukuru ni Antananarivo.

Madagascar ni memba w'ekibiina ky'amahanga geeteeraine ekya United Nations (UN), African Union (AU), Southern African Development Community (SADC), hamwe na Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie. Orumalagasia n'orufaransa n'endimi z'eihanga. Obukristaayo niryo diini erikusinga oburungi omu eihanga, n'abantu bakye abarikukuratira enyikiriza zaabo eza ira. Ekitongore ky'amahanga geeteeraine nikitwara Madagascar nk'eihanga eritaratunguukire munonga.

Okuruga omwaka gwa 2021, abantu 68.4% nibatwarwa nk'abooro munonga. Kurugirira aha kitongore ky'eby'okurya eky'ensi yoona ki World Food Programme okuruga okwezi kw'okubanza omwaka gwa 2025, 1. obukaikuru 31 bw'abantu bakahikwaho eibura ry'eby'okurya ry'amaani kandi abantu abarikuhingura 90% aha bukaikuru 28 bakaba nibatuura bakukozesa sente ezitakahika doora 3.10 buri eizooba.

Obwebembezi omuri Madagascar eyetongoire

Kuruga obu Madagascar yaatunga okwetegyeka, etungire ababembezi baingi bamwe abahindwire engyenderwaho y'eihanga. Obwebembezi obwokubanza (1960-1972) ahansi ya Philibert Tsiranana, ekaba erimu enkoragana y'amaani omu by'entaasya n'eby'obutegyeki na Bufaransa. Emyanya mingi muby'obwebwebembezi obw'ahaiguru ekaba er kukorebwa abafaransa abarikuruga aheeru y'eihanga, okwegyesa, ebitabo hamwe n'enteekateeka y'okwegyesa eby'Abafaransa bikagumizamu nibikozesibwa omu mashomero okwetoroora eihanga. Obutaikirizana bw'abantu ahabw'okugira ngu Tsirana akaikiriza enteekateeka y'obutegyeki bw'amatware, kikareetaho obwesharingo bw'abahingi n'abeegi obwarugiremu obutegyeki bwe okuhiibwaho omuri 1972.

Gabriel Ramanantsoa, ow'amahe, akatooranwa nk'omwebembezi w'eihanga hamwe n'enganzi y'eihanga omwaka ogwo gumwe, kwonka abantu bakaba batarikumukunda, ekyamureetera kurekura omuri 1975. Colonel Richard Ratsimandrava, owarondwiirwe kumusikira, akaitwa bwanyima y'ebiro mukaaga by'obwebembezi bwe. General Gilles Andriamahazo akatwara obutegyeki bwanyima ya Ratsimandrava kumara emyezi ena bwanyima Didier Ratsiraka akaija kutegyeka omu 1975 kuhisya 1993.

Rukundo ya Ratsiraka ekakyendeera munonga aha muheru gw'emyaka ya 1980 kuhika aha muheru gw'omwaka gwa 1991 abakuumi b'omwebembezi weihanga ku baakubire amasasi ahabesharingi abaabaire bataine bikwato omu ruteerane. Omu bwire bw'emyezi ebiri, gavumenti ey'akaire ekaba etandikirweho ahansi y'obwebembezi bwa Albert Zafy (1992-1996), owaasingire akaruuru k'omwebembezi w'eihanga omuri 1992 kandi yaataho obutegyeki bwa kashatu (1992-2010). Kwonka, ekisanja kya Zafy, kikashishwa okugwa kw'ebyentatsya, obushomankuzi, hamwe n'okureetaho ebiragiro by'okweyongyera amaani. Ekyarugiremu n'okubingwa omu ntebe omuri 1996. Norbert Ratirahonana, akatooranwa kumara ameezi ashatu kuhisya akaruuru k'omwebembezi w'eihanga akakurastireho. Ratsiraka akagarurwa omu butegyeki arikugyendera aha nteekateeka y'okureetaho empindahinduka omu by'entaasya kuruga omuri 1996 kuhisya omuri 2001.