Wp/nyn/Amerika eyama shuuma
| part of | Americas, Earth, Latin America  |
|---|---|
| short name | 南米, 남미 |
| located in time zone | UTC−06:00, UTC−05:00, UTC−04:00, UTC−03:00, UTC−02:00 |
| located in or next to body of water | Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Caribbean Sea |
| located in/on physical feature | Southern Hemisphere, Northern Hemisphere |
| coordinate location | 21°0′0″S 59°0′0″W |
| coordinates of easternmost point | 7°9′20″S 34°47′35″W |
| coordinates of northernmost point | 15°40′15″N 63°37′10″W |
| coordinates of southernmost point | 56°32′18″S 68°43′12″W |
| coordinates of westernmost point | 4°40′58″S 81°19′43″W |
| geoshape | Data:South America Flickr.map |
| highest point | Aconcagua |
| lowest point | Laguna del Carbón |
| shares border with | Central America, North America, Continental Central America |
| has boundary | boundary between North and South America |
| geography of topic | geography of South America |
| history of topic | history of South America |
| most populous urban area | São Paulo |
| bibliography | bibliography of South America |
| economy of topic | economy of South America |
| demographics of topic | demographics of South America |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C26277 |
| category for maps or plans | Category:Maps of South America |
South America n’omugabane oguri omu kicweka ky’ensi eky’Oburengyerwa-izooba (Western Hemisphere) kandi obwingi bwagwo buri omu kicweka ky’ensi eky'amashuuma (Southern Hemisphere), n’akacweka kakye kari omu kicweka ky’ensi eky'amatemba (Northern Hemisphere). nibwo bugarukayo, nikibaasa kushoboororwa nk’ekicweka kya ahansi kya ba Amerika.
South America ezingirwe Enyanja ya orubaju rw'oburengyerwa-izooba, Enyanja ya Atlantic aha rubaju rwa amatemba n’oburugwanjuba, n’omuhanda gw’amaizi ogwa Drake Passage aha rubaju rwa Ahese. North America hamwe n’enyanja ya Caribbean biri aha rubaju rwa amatemba g’oburengyerwa-izooba, kandi ekicweka kya Antarctic Circle, Antarctica, n’omukono gwa Antarctic Peninsula biri aha rubaju rw'amashuuma.
Ekicweka eki kirimu amahanga 12 agarikwetegyeka: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, na Venezuela; ebicweka bibiri ebirikutegyekwa ebindi: Falkland Islands na South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; n’ekicweka kimwe ky’omunda: French Guiana.
Ebigwa bya Caribbean ebya South America (Aruba, Bonaire, na Curaçao) hamwe na Trinidad na Tobago byombekire aha musingi gwa South America, nahabwekyo nibibarirwa nka bimwe aha South America. Panama, Ascension Island (ekicweka kya Saint Helena, Ascension na Tristan da Cunha) na Bouvet Island (etwale rya Norway) nabyo nibibaasa kubarirwa omu South America.
South America eine obuhango bwa si-kweya kiromita 17,840,000 (6,890,000 sq mi). Omubaro gw’abantu omu mwaka gwa 2021 gukateberezibwa kuba gurengire omuri miriyooni 434. South America niyo ya kana omu buhango (enyuma ya Asia, Africa, na North America) kandi niyo ya kataano omu bwingi bw’abantu (enyuma ya Asia, Africa, Europe, na North America). Brazil niyo nsi erimu abantu baingi munonga omu South America, eine haihi ekicweka kimwe kya kabiri ky’abantu b’omugabane ogu gwona, ekakuratirwa Colombia, Argentina, Venezuela, na Peru. Omu myaka ehingwire, Brazil niyo yaaretire ekicweka kimwe kya kabiri ky’esente z’omugabane (GDP) kandi niyo nsi ey’amaani munonga omu kicweka ekyo.
Abantu baingi batwaire haihi n’enyanja aha rubaju rw’oburengerwa-izooba nari oburugwa-izooba, kwonka hagati y’omugabane n’ahese munonga hariyo abantu bakye. Obumeze bw’ensi aha rubaju rw’obugwanjuba bwa South America bujwiremo ebibungo bya Andes; kwonka aha rubaju rw’oburugwanjuba harimu emigyera migari nk’omugyera gwa Amazon, Orinoco na Paraná. Obwingi bw’omugabane ogu buri omu bicweka by’omushana (tropics), okwiha ekicweka kihango kya Southern Cone ekiri omu bicweka by’embeera y’obwire ey’ahagati.
Emicwe n’emigenzo y’omugabane ogu ekakomooka omukwejwanza ki abanyanzarwa, Abajungu ,Abatwizi n’Abafuruki, hamwe n’Abahuuku abarugire Africa. Ahabw’okumara emyaka igana bari omu bukoloni, abantu baingi omu South America nibagamba Orusipania (Spanish) nari Orupocugiizi (Portuguese), kandi amahanga gaabo gaijwiremu emigenzo y’Abajungu. Okugyeragyeranisa na Africa, Asia, na Europe, South America etwire eri nsi y’obusingye erimu entaro nkye kuruga omuri 1900, n’obu-raabe ngu obushomankuzi bw’amaani bukyari ekizibu omu mahanga agamwe.
Eby’afaayo (History)
[edit | edit source]Eby’ira munonga (Prehistory)
[edit | edit source]Nikiteekateekwa ngu South America ekabanza kutuurwamu abantu obu abantu baabaire nibambuka ekyambu kya Bering Land Bridge (ekiri kwetwa Bering Strait hati) emyaka nka 15,000 enyima kuruga omu kicweka ekiri kwetwa Russia hati. Bakafuruka bagyenda ahese baraba omu North America, bwanyima bahika South America baareeba omu kamwa ka Panama (Isthmus of Panama).
Bumwe aha bujurizi bw’ira obw’okubaho kw’abantu omu South America n'omwanya gwa Monte Verde II omuri Chile, oguteekateekwaho kuba gwabaireho emyaka nka 14,500 enyima. Kuruga emyaka nka 13,000 enyima, obuhango bw’amacumu (Fishtail projectile point) bukajanjaara omu South America, kandi bukahwaho emyaka 11,000 enyima, obwe n’enyamaishwa mpango za South America zaaba nizihwaho. Ebicoori bikaba biri omu matemba ga South America emyaka nka 6,000 enyima.
Hagati ya 2000 BC, abantu baingi Abahingisi bakaba batwire omu bibungo bya Andes n’ebicweka ebirikubyehinguririza. Okujuba kukaba kiri ekikorwa ky’abantu baingi aha mbalama z’enyanja, eki kikahwera abantu kutunga eby’okurya. Emiringo y’okushukyeera ebirimwa (irrigation) nayo ekaba ekorwa omu bwire obwo, ekikahwera okutunguura obuhingi.
Abantu b’emigenzo ya South America bakatandika kworora amatungo ga Llamas na Alpacas omu bibungo bya Andes nka 3500 BC. Oyihireho okukoresa enyama n’ebyoya byazo, amatungo aga gakaba gakoresibwa n’omu kwetika emigugu.