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Malaysia
A blue rectangle with a gold star and crescent in the canton, with 14 horizontal red and white stripes on the rest of the flag
Menira
Shield showing the symbols of the Malaysian states with a star and crescent above and a motto below, supported by two tigers
Coat of arms
Rambai jaku: Bersekutu Bertambah Mutu[1]
برسکوتو برتمبه موتو‎ (Jawi)
"Beserakup Betambah Kualiti"
Anthem: "Negaraku"
"Menuaku"
Location of Wp/iba/Malaysia (dark green)

– in Asia (dark gray & white)
– in ASEAN (dark gray)

Indu menua
enggau nengeri ke pemadu besai
Kuala Lumpur[fn 1]
3°8′N 101°41′E / 3.133°N 101.683°E / 3.133; 101.683
Palan perintahPutrajaya[fn 2]
2°56′N 101°42′E / 2.933°N 101.700°E / 2.933; 101.700
Jaku resmiJaku Melayu[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 3]
Jaku ti diakuJaku Inggeris[lower-alpha 3]
Raban bansa
(2023)[2][3]
Pengarap
(2020)[5]
PerintahMonarki elektif bekonstitusyen parlimen federal
Ibrahim Iskandar
Anwar Ibrahim
Paung
Johari Abdul
Tengku Maimun Tuan Mat
Dewan Undangan NegeriParliamen
• Upper house
Diwan Menua (Senat)
• Lower house
Diwan Rayat (House of Representatives)
Meredika 
ari United Kingdom
31 Ogos 1957[6]
22 Julai 1963
31 Ogos 1963[7]
16 September 1963
Menua
• Pemesai
330,803[8][9] km2 (127,724 bt2) (67th)
• Ai (%)
0.3
Penyampau tubuh
• 2024 estimate
34,564,810[10] (43rd)
• 2020 census
32,447,385[11]
• Pemayuh tubuh
101/km2 (261.6/sq mi) (116th)
GDP (PPP)2024 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.306 trilion[12] (30th)
• Per capita
Increase $39,030[12] (53rd)
GDP (nominal)2024 estimate
• Total
Increase $445.519 billion[12] (36th)
• Per capita
Increase $13,315[12] (67th)
Gini (2021)Positive decrease 40.7[13]
medium
HDI (2022)Increase 0.807[14]
very high · 63rd
Mata duitRinggit Malaysia (RM) (MYR)
Zon jamUTC+8 (JSM)
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy
Tisi deribaleft
Kod talipaun+60
Kod ISO 3166MY
TLD Internet.my

Malaysia siti menua raja federal konstitusyen ba Asia Tenggara ti ditubuhka ari 11 iti negeri ba Semenanjung Malaysia, 2 iti negeri ba Borneo enggau 3 iti Wilayah Persekutuan. Pemesai menua tu nyampau 330,803 km2. Malaysia bekunsi arih tanah enggau menua Thailand, Indonesia, enggau Brunei sereta arih tasik enggau Singapura enggau Filipina. Ba Malaysia bisi siti titik ti pemadu selatan urung semua tanah besai Eurasia, ianya Tanjung Piai.

Tuai menua Malaysia ianya Yang di-Pertuan Agong, raja elektif ti dipilih ari 9 iku raja negeri Melayu. Tuai eksekutif perintah ianya Menteri Besai. Kuala Lumpur nya indu menua Malaysia, Putrajaya nya pusat perintah federal. Malaysia siti menua perintis Serakup Menua-Menua Asia Tenggara enggau Serakup Aum Islam, sereta siti ari raban Saup Ekonomi Asia-Pasifik, Menua-Menua Komanwel, enggau Non-Alligned Movement.

Asal menua tu ari perintah-perintah orang Laut ti ulih ditemu ba Semenanjung Malaysia. Menua nya udah dijajah Empayar British ari abad ke-18. Begian menua keterubah ti udah dijajah British dikumbai Negeri-Negeri Selat. Maya Perang Dunya Kedua, British Malaya udah dijajah menua Jipun. Sepengudah perang nya, Semenanjung Malaysia ti dikelala enggau nama Tanah Melayu tauka Malaya maya nya, udah diserakup baruh siti komanwel maya taun 1946, sebedau nyadi Persekutuan Tanah Melayu maya taun 1948. Maya taun 1957 Semenanjung Malaysia udah meredika. Sepengudah nya, ba taun 1963, Tanah Melayu beserakup enggau Sabah, Sarawak, enggau Singapura ungkup nubuhka menua Malaysia. Singapura udah dipansutka ari federasyen lalu nyadi siti menua ti bibas maya taun 1965.

Negeri

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Semenanjung Malaysia

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  1. Johor
  2. Kedah
  3. Kelantan
  4. Melaka
  5. Negeri Sembilan
  6. Pahang
  7. Perak
  8. Perlis
  9. Pulau Pinang
  10. Selangor
  11. Terengganu

Borneo Malaysia

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  1. Sabah
  2. Sarawak

Wilayah Persekutuan

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  1. Kuala Lumpur
  2. Labuan
  3. Putrajaya

Nama

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English Map of Southeast Asia, "MALAYSIA" typeset horizontally so that the letters run across the northernmost corner of Borneo and pass just south of the Philippines.
"Malaysia" dikena nyadi label ke Pulau Melayu ba kar taun 1914 dalam atlas Amerika Serikat

Nama "Malaysia" datai ari dua leka jaku iya nya "Malays" enggau penambah pengujung jaku Latin-Gerika "-ia"/"-ία"[15] ke ulih dikalih jaku nyadi "tanah orang Melayu".[16] Asal leka jaku 'Melayu' ngembuan mayuh macham teori. Bisi pelaba leka jaku tu datai ari jaku Sanskrit iya nya "Himalaya", ti nujuka kandang menua ke tinggi sereta begunung, tauka leka jaku "Malaiyur-pura", ti mai reti "nengeri gunung".[17] Teori bukai madahka asal penatai leka jaku tu ari jaku Tamil "malai" enggau "ur" ke mai reti "gunung" enggau "nengeri, tanah".[18][19][20] Siti agi penemu iya nya bepun ari peristiwa Pamalayu ti mai reti Ekspedisyen Melayu. Siti penemu iya nya iya datai ari leka jaku Jawa "mlaya" enggau "mlayu" ti mai reti "belanda", ari sungai, iya nya Sungai Melayu, ti diberi nama ketegal arus iya.[17] Varian mega bisi ayan dalam rikud ke tuai agi ari abad ke-11, nyadi toponim ungkup kandang endur di Sumatera tauka nunjukka pelilih menua ke besai agi ngelingi Selat Melaka.[21] Teks Sanskrit Vayu Purana, ti dipelabaka udah bisi kenyau ari milenium keterubah, nyebut pasal tanah ti dikumbai ‘Malayadvipa’ ti dikelala sekeda pakar nyadi semenanjung Melayu moden.[22][23][24][25][26] Rikud bukai iya nya Geografi Ptolemy abad ke-2 ti ngena nama Malayu Kulon ungkup pantai barat Semenanjung Emas, enggau rikud Yijing abad ke-7 pasal Malayu.[21]

Bisi sekali, Perintah Melayu ngambi nama ari Sungai Melayu.[17][27] 'Melayu' lalu dipaut ngagai Srivijaya,[21] lalu mengkang begulai enggau mayuh bengkah endur di Sumatera, nyengkaum Palembang, endur ke dipelaba orang asal penumbuh Kesultanan Melaka.[28] Iya dipelabaka mansang nyadi etnonim laban Melaka nyadi kuasa pelilih menua dalam abad ke-15. Islam nempa identiti etnik pengarap di Melaka, enggau leka jaku ‘Melayu’ pansut. Engka enggau spesifik ngenang pasal orang ke bejaku Melayu setempat ti dianggap taluk ngagai Sultan Melaka. Pengawa orang Portugis ngena penambah jaku Malayos ulih nunjukka orang ke bekuasa di Melaka. Pengelebih orang dagang ari Melaka ngasuh bansa ‘Melayu’ begulai enggau orang dagang ti bepengarap Islam, lalu ari nya sida dikaul enggau raban budaya enggau jaku ti lebih luas.[21] Melaka lalu udah nya Johor ngumbai diri nyadi pusat budaya Melayu, siti penuduk ti disukung British.[28]

Pengudah ekspedisyen pelayar Peranchis Jules Dumont d'Urville ngagai Oceania maya taun 1826, siku pakar Jereman Johann Friedrich Blumenbach merambu leka jaku "Malaysia", "Mikronesia" enggau "Melanesia" ngagai Société de Géographie maya taun 1831, midaka budaya enggau raban pulau Pasifik tu ari leka jaku ke udah bisi iya nya "Polinesia". Dumont d'Urville nerangka Malaysia nyadi "kandang menua ti suah dikelala enggau nama Hindia Timur".[29] Maya taun 1850, raban etnologi British, George Samuel Windsor Earl, nulis dalam Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia, merambu deka meri nama ngagai pulau-pulau di Asia Tenggara nya “Melayunesia” tauka “Indunesia”, nitihka nama ke dulu suba.[30] Nama Malaysia berengkah dikena ngelabel endur ti nyadi Pulau Melayu.[31]

Menua ti merdeka ari British dalam taun 1957 ngambi nama “Persekutuan Tanah Melayu” nyadika pilih ari nama bukai ti bisi potensial baka “Langkasuka”, udah bekau perintah besejarah ti bepalan ba tuchung Semenanjung Melayu.[32][33] Bala orang politik di Filipina kala berunding deka nukar nama menua sida "Malaysia" sebedau menua "moden" nya ngambi nama tu.[34]

Penerang

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Malin

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  1. ↑ "Malaysian Flag and Coat of Arms". Malaysian Government. Diarkib ari asal on 22 October 2013. Diambi 9 September 2013.
  2. ↑ "Minister: Census shows Malaysia's oldest man and woman aged 120 and 118; preliminary census findings to be released in Feb 2022". Malaymail. 17 January 2022. Diarkib ari asal ba 17 January 2022. Diambi 17 January 2022.
  3. ↑ Department of Statistics Malaysia (2021). "Current population and estimates, Malaysia 2021 Group". Diarkib ari asal ba 1 February 2022. Diambi 1 February 2022.
  4. ↑ "The States, Religion and Law of the Federation" (PDF). Constitution of Malaysia. Judicial Appointments Commission. Diarkib ari asal (PDF) on 14 June 2017. Diambi 29 October 2017. Islam is the religion of the Federation; but other religions may be practised in peace and harmony in any part of the Federation.
  5. ↑ "Distribution and Basic Demographic Characteristic Report 2020". Department of Statistics, Malaysia. 14 February 2020. Diarkib ari asal ba 22 August 2023. Diambi 26 June 2022.
  6. ↑ Mackay, Derek (2005). Eastern Customs: The Customs Service in British Malaya and the Opium Trade. The Radcliffe Press. pp. 240–. ISBN 978-1-85043-844-1. Diarkib ari asal ba 19 January 2023. Diambi 20 June 2015.
  7. ↑ "31 Ogos 1963, Hari kemerdekaan Sabah yang rasmi". AWANI. 14 May 2021. Diarkib ari asal ba 1 September 2021. Diambi 1 September 2021.
  8. ↑ "Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010". Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. p. 27. Diarkib ari asal on 27 December 2010. Diambi 2 August 2023.
  9. ↑ "Malaysia country profile". BBC News. 24 February 2020. Diarkib ari asal ba 26 January 2021. Diambi 27 January 2021.
  10. ↑ Template:Wp/iba/Cite CIA World Factbook
  11. ↑ "Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2020". Department of Statistics, Malaysia. p. 48. Diarkib ari asal on 28 February 2022. Diambi 23 March 2022.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Malaysia)". www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2024. Diarkib ari asal ba 16 April 2024. Diambi 17 April 2024.
  13. ↑ "World Bank Open Data".
  14. ↑ "Human Development Report 2023/2024" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Diarkib (PDF) ari asal ba 13 March 2024. Diambi 13 March 2024.
  15. ↑ Room, Adrian (2004). Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for Over 5000 Natural Features, Countries, Capitals, Territories, Cities and Historic Sites. McFarland & Company. p. 221. ISBN 978-0-7864-1814-5.
  16. ↑ "The World Factbook – Malaysia". Central Intelligence Agency. 2020.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Abdul Rashid Melebek; Amat Juhari Moain (2006), Sejarah Bahasa Melayu ("History of the Malay Language"), Utusan Publications & Distributors, pp. 9–10, ISBN 978-967-61-1809-7
  18. ↑ Weightman, Barbara A. (2011). Dragons and Tigers: A Geography of South, East, and Southeast Asia. John Wiley and Sons. p. 449. ISBN 978-1-118-13998-1.
  19. ↑ Tiwary, Shanker Shiv (2009). Encyclopaedia Of Southeast Asia And Its Tribes (Set Of 3 Vols.). Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 37. ISBN 978-81-261-3837-1.
  20. ↑ Singh, Kumar Suresh (2003). People of India. Vol. 26. Anthropological Survey of India. p. 981. ISBN 978-81-85938-98-1.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 Barnard, Timothy P. (2004), Contesting Malayness: Malay identity across boundaries, Singapore: Singapore University press, pp. 3–10, ISBN 978-9971-69-279-7
  22. ↑ Pande, Govind Chandra (2005). India's Interaction with Southeast Asia: History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. 1, Part 3. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 266. ISBN 978-81-87586-24-1.
  23. ↑ Gopal, Lallanji (2000). The economic life of northern India: c. A.D. 700–1200. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 139. ISBN 978-81-208-0302-2.
  24. ↑ Ahir, D. C. (1995). A Panorama of Indian Buddhism: Selections from the Maha Bodhi journal, 1892–1992. Sri Satguru Publications. p. 612. ISBN 978-81-7030-462-3.
  25. ↑ Mukerjee, Radhakamal (1984). The culture and art of India. Coronet Books Inc. p. 212. ISBN 978-81-215-0114-9.
  26. ↑ Sarkar, Himansu Bhusan (1970). Some contributions of India to the ancient civilisation of Indonesia and Malaysia. Punthi Pustak. p. 8.
  27. ↑ Milner, Anthony (2010), The Malays (The Peoples of South-East Asia and the Pacific), Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 18–19, ISBN 978-1-4443-3903-1
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Andaya, Leonard Y. (October 2001). "The Search for the 'Origins' of Melayu". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 32 (3): 315–316, 324, 327–328, 330. doi:10.1017/S0022463401000169. JSTOR 20072349. S2CID 62886471.
  29. ↑ d'Urville, J. S. B. C. S. D.; Ollivier, I.; De Biran, A.; Clark, G. (2003). "On the Islands of the Great Ocean". The Journal of Pacific History. 38 (2): 163. doi:10.1080/0022334032000120512. S2CID 162374626.
  30. ↑ Earl, George S. W. (1850). "On The Leading Characteristics of the Papuan, Australian and Malay-Polynesian Nations". Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia (JIAEA). IV: 119.
  31. ↑ Barrows, David P. (1905). A History of the Philippines. American Book Company. pp. 25–26.
  32. ↑ Suarez, Thomas (1999). Early Mapping of Southeast Asia. Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd. pp. 46–47. ISBN 978-962-593-470-9.
  33. ↑ "Federation of Malaya Independence Act 1957 (c. 60)e". The UK Statute Law Database. 31 July 1957. Diambi 6 November 2010.
  34. ↑ Sakai, Minako (2009). "Reviving Malay Connections in Southeast Asia" (PDF). In Cao, Elizabeth; Morrell (eds.). Regional Minorities and Development in Asia. Routledge. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-415-55130-4. Diarkib ari asal (PDF) on 13 October 2014.

Nota

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  1. ↑ Constitutional capital, ceremonial and legislative
  2. ↑ administrative and judicial


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